Merge branch 'master' into capi-wasi-overwrite-stdin-3

2025-12-06 04:38:25 +00:00 · 2022-08-30 14:08:48 +02:00
parent 63d709e697 43b6e0c262
commit 61ff302a67
58 changed files with 1722 additions and 1040 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/benchmark.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/benchmark.yaml
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
-          toolchain: 1.59
+          toolchain: 1.61
      - name: Configure cargo data directory
        # After this point, all cargo registry and crate data is stored in
        # $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/.cargo_home. This allows us to cache only the files
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
-          toolchain: 1.59
+          toolchain: 1.61
          target: ${{ matrix.target }}
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v1
        if: matrix.use_sccache != true
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
-          toolchain: 1.59
+          toolchain: 1.61
          target: aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
      - name: Build cross image
        run: |
--- a/.github/workflows/cloudcompiler.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cloudcompiler.yaml
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
-          toolchain: 1.59
+          toolchain: 1.61
          target: ${{ matrix.target }}
      - name: Install wasm32-wasi target
        shell: bash
--- a/.github/workflows/coverage.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/coverage.yaml
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
-          toolchain: 1.59
+          toolchain: 1.61
      - name: Install LLVM (Linux)
        run: |
          curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/releases/download/llvmorg-10.0.0/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04.tar.xz -L -o llvm.tar.xz
--- a/.github/workflows/documentation.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/documentation.yaml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
-          toolchain: 1.59
+          toolchain: 1.61
      - name: Install LLVM
        shell: bash
        run: |
--- a/.github/workflows/lint.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/lint.yaml
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
-          toolchain: 1.59
+          toolchain: 1.61
          components: rustfmt, clippy
      - name: Install LLVM (Linux)
        run: |
--- a/.github/workflows/test-js.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-js.yaml
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
-          toolchain: 1.59
+          toolchain: 1.61

      - name: Install NodeJS
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
--- a/.github/workflows/test-sys.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-sys.yaml
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
-          toolchain: 1.59
+          toolchain: 1.61
          target: ${{ matrix.target }}
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v1
        if: matrix.use_sccache != true
@@ -199,6 +199,14 @@ jobs:
          '${{ runner.tool_cache }}/cargo-sccache/bin/sccache' -s
          echo 'RUSTC_WRAPPER=${{ runner.tool_cache }}/cargo-sccache/bin/sccache' >> $GITHUB_ENV
        shell: bash
+      - name: Test
+        if: matrix.run_test && matrix.os != 'windows-2019'
+        run: |
+          make
+        env:
+          TARGET: ${{ matrix.target }}
+          TARGET_DIR: target/${{ matrix.target }}/release
+          CARGO_TARGET: --target ${{ matrix.target }}
      - name: Test
        if: matrix.run_test && matrix.os != 'windows-2019'
        run: |
@@ -215,6 +223,16 @@ jobs:
          TARGET: ${{ matrix.target }}
          TARGET_DIR: target/${{ matrix.target }}/release
          CARGO_TARGET: --target ${{ matrix.target }}
+      - name: Test integration CLI
+        if: matrix.run_test && matrix.os != 'windows-2019'
+        run: |
+          make && make build-capi && make package-capi && make package
+          export WASMER_DIR=`pwd`/package
+          make test-integration-cli
+        env:
+          TARGET: ${{ matrix.target }}
+          TARGET_DIR: target/${{ matrix.target }}/release
+          CARGO_TARGET: --target ${{ matrix.target }}
      - name: Test
        if: matrix.run_test && matrix.os == 'windows-2019'
        run: |
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -13,8 +13,10 @@ Looking for changes that affect our C API? See the [C API Changelog](lib/c-api/C
 - #[3096](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/pull/3096) create-exe: use cached wasmer tarballs for network fetches

 ### Changed
+- #[3131](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/pull/3131) Update migration docs for MemoryView changes

 ### Fixed
+- #[3130](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/pull/3130) Remove panics from Artifact::deserialize

 ## 3.0.0-beta - 2022/08/08

--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -37,6 +37,15 @@ dependencies = [
 "memchr",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "android_system_properties"
+version = "0.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d7ed72e1635e121ca3e79420540282af22da58be50de153d36f81ddc6b83aa9e"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "ansi_term"
 version = "0.12.1"
@@ -48,9 +57,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "anyhow"
-version = "1.0.60"
+version = "1.0.62"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c794e162a5eff65c72ef524dfe393eb923c354e350bb78b9c7383df13f3bc142"
+checksum = "1485d4d2cc45e7b201ee3767015c96faa5904387c9d87c6efdd0fb511f12d305"

 [[package]]
 name = "arbitrary"
@@ -81,7 +90,7 @@ checksum = "c98233c6673d8601ab23e77eb38f999c51100d46c5703b17288c57fddf3a1ffe"
 dependencies = [
 "bstr",
 "doc-comment",
- "predicates 2.1.1",
+ "predicates",
 "predicates-core",
 "predicates-tree",
 "wait-timeout",
@@ -215,9 +224,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "bumpalo"
-version = "3.10.0"
+version = "3.11.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "37ccbd214614c6783386c1af30caf03192f17891059cecc394b4fb119e363de3"
+checksum = "c1ad822118d20d2c234f427000d5acc36eabe1e29a348c89b63dd60b13f28e5d"

 [[package]]
 name = "bytecheck"
@@ -270,7 +279,7 @@ version = "0.24.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a6358dedf60f4d9b8db43ad187391afe959746101346fe51bb978126bec61dfb"
 dependencies = [
- "clap 3.2.16",
+ "clap 3.2.17",
 "heck",
 "indexmap",
 "log",
@@ -312,10 +321,11 @@ checksum = "baf1de4339761588bc0619e3cbc0120ee582ebb74b53b4efbf79117bd2da40fd"

 [[package]]
 name = "chrono"
-version = "0.4.20"
+version = "0.4.22"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6127248204b9aba09a362f6c930ef6a78f2c1b2215f8a7b398c06e1083f17af0"
+checksum = "bfd4d1b31faaa3a89d7934dbded3111da0d2ef28e3ebccdb4f0179f5929d1ef1"
 dependencies = [
+ "iana-time-zone",
 "js-sys",
 "num-integer",
 "num-traits",
@@ -351,9 +361,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "clap"
-version = "3.2.16"
+version = "3.2.17"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a3dbbb6653e7c55cc8595ad3e1f7be8f32aba4eb7ff7f0fd1163d4f3d137c0a9"
+checksum = "29e724a68d9319343bb3328c9cc2dfde263f4b3142ee1059a9980580171c954b"
 dependencies = [
 "atty",
 "bitflags",
@@ -368,9 +378,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "clap_derive"
-version = "3.2.15"
+version = "3.2.17"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9ba52acd3b0a5c33aeada5cdaa3267cdc7c594a98731d4268cdc1532f4264cb4"
+checksum = "13547f7012c01ab4a0e8f8967730ada8f9fdf419e8b6c792788f39cf4e46eefa"
 dependencies = [
 "heck",
 "proc-macro-error",
@@ -474,6 +484,12 @@ version = "0.1.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "245097e9a4535ee1e3e3931fcfcd55a796a44c643e8596ff6566d68f09b87bbc"

+[[package]]
+name = "core-foundation-sys"
+version = "0.8.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5827cebf4670468b8772dd191856768aedcb1b0278a04f989f7766351917b9dc"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "corosensei"
 version = "0.1.3"
@@ -755,12 +771,6 @@ version = "0.1.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "56254986775e3233ffa9c4d7d3faaf6d36a2c09d30b20687e9f88bc8bafc16c8"

-[[package]]
-name = "difference"
-version = "2.0.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "524cbf6897b527295dff137cec09ecf3a05f4fddffd7dfcd1585403449e74198"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "difflib"
 version = "0.4.0"
@@ -871,9 +881,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "either"
-version = "1.7.0"
+version = "1.8.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3f107b87b6afc2a64fd13cac55fe06d6c8859f12d4b14cbcdd2c67d0976781be"
+checksum = "90e5c1c8368803113bf0c9584fc495a58b86dc8a29edbf8fe877d21d9507e797"

 [[package]]
 name = "enum-iterator"
@@ -987,9 +997,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "float-cmp"
-version = "0.8.0"
+version = "0.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e1267f4ac4f343772758f7b1bdcbe767c218bbab93bb432acbf5162bbf85a6c4"
+checksum = "98de4bbd547a563b716d8dfa9aad1cb19bfab00f4fa09a6a4ed21dbcf44ce9c4"
 dependencies = [
 "num-traits",
 ]
@@ -1162,6 +1172,19 @@ version = "2.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9a3a5bfb195931eeb336b2a7b4d761daec841b97f947d34394601737a7bba5e4"

+[[package]]
+name = "iana-time-zone"
+version = "0.1.46"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ad2bfd338099682614d3ee3fe0cd72e0b6a41ca6a87f6a74a3bd593c91650501"
+dependencies = [
+ "android_system_properties",
+ "core-foundation-sys",
+ "js-sys",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+ "winapi",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "ident_case"
 version = "1.0.1"
@@ -1207,15 +1230,15 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "inline-c"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0b370741c5913d9b3765d280493b9b97658818410fd64cbf6e8d333b42a1049e"
+checksum = "340dd3d6102fa919bd20987024a6d84954c36ec691ac1efea37742ee983c8dd5"
 dependencies = [
 "assert_cmd",
 "cc",
 "inline-c-macro",
 "lazy_static",
- "predicates 1.0.8",
+ "predicates",
 "regex",
 "rustc_version 0.3.3",
 "target-lexicon 0.11.2",
@@ -1302,9 +1325,9 @@ checksum = "884e2677b40cc8c339eaefcb701c32ef1fd2493d71118dc0ca4b6a736c93bd67"

 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.127"
+version = "0.2.132"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "505e71a4706fa491e9b1b55f51b95d4037d0821ee40131190475f692b35b009b"
+checksum = "8371e4e5341c3a96db127eb2465ac681ced4c433e01dd0e938adbef26ba93ba5"

 [[package]]
 name = "libfuzzer-sys"
@@ -1385,9 +1408,9 @@ checksum = "2dffe52ecf27772e601905b7522cb4ef790d2cc203488bbd0e2fe85fcb74566d"

 [[package]]
 name = "memmap2"
-version = "0.5.5"
+version = "0.5.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3a79b39c93a7a5a27eeaf9a23b5ff43f1b9e0ad6b1cdd441140ae53c35613fc7"
+checksum = "95af15f345b17af2efc8ead6080fb8bc376f8cec1b35277b935637595fe77498"
 dependencies = [
 "libc",
 ]
@@ -1541,9 +1564,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "once_cell"
-version = "1.13.0"
+version = "1.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "18a6dbe30758c9f83eb00cbea4ac95966305f5a7772f3f42ebfc7fc7eddbd8e1"
+checksum = "074864da206b4973b84eb91683020dbefd6a8c3f0f38e054d93954e891935e4e"

 [[package]]
 name = "oorandom"
@@ -1568,9 +1591,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "os_str_bytes"
-version = "6.2.0"
+version = "6.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "648001efe5d5c0102d8cea768e348da85d90af8ba91f0bea908f157951493cd4"
+checksum = "9ff7415e9ae3fff1225851df9e0d9e4e5479f947619774677a63572e55e80eff"

 [[package]]
 name = "output_vt100"
@@ -1620,9 +1643,9 @@ checksum = "19b17cddbe7ec3f8bc800887bab5e717348c95ea2ca0b1bf0837fb964dc67099"

 [[package]]
 name = "pest"
-version = "2.2.1"
+version = "2.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "69486e2b8c2d2aeb9762db7b4e00b0331156393555cff467f4163ff06821eef8"
+checksum = "4b0560d531d1febc25a3c9398a62a71256c0178f2e3443baedd9ad4bb8c9deb4"
 dependencies = [
 "thiserror",
 "ucd-trie",
@@ -1642,9 +1665,9 @@ checksum = "1df8c4ec4b0627e53bdf214615ad287367e482558cf84b109250b37464dc03ae"

 [[package]]
 name = "plotters"
-version = "0.3.2"
+version = "0.3.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9428003b84df1496fb9d6eeee9c5f8145cb41ca375eb0dad204328888832811f"
+checksum = "716b4eeb6c4a1d3ecc956f75b43ec2e8e8ba80026413e70a3f41fd3313d3492b"
 dependencies = [
 "num-traits",
 "plotters-backend",
@@ -1661,9 +1684,9 @@ checksum = "193228616381fecdc1224c62e96946dfbc73ff4384fba576e052ff8c1bea8142"

 [[package]]
 name = "plotters-svg"
-version = "0.3.2"
+version = "0.3.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e0918736323d1baff32ee0eade54984f6f201ad7e97d5cfb5d6ab4a358529615"
+checksum = "f9a81d2759aae1dae668f783c308bc5c8ebd191ff4184aaa1b37f65a6ae5a56f"
 dependencies = [
 "plotters-backend",
 ]
@@ -1674,19 +1697,6 @@ version = "0.2.16"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "eb9f9e6e233e5c4a35559a617bf40a4ec447db2e84c20b55a6f83167b7e57872"

-[[package]]
-name = "predicates"
-version = "1.0.8"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f49cfaf7fdaa3bfacc6fa3e7054e65148878354a5cfddcf661df4c851f8021df"
-dependencies = [
- "difference",
- "float-cmp",
- "normalize-line-endings",
- "predicates-core",
- "regex",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "predicates"
 version = "2.1.1"
@@ -1694,8 +1704,11 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a5aab5be6e4732b473071984b3164dbbfb7a3674d30ea5ff44410b6bcd960c3c"
 dependencies = [
 "difflib",
+ "float-cmp",
 "itertools",
+ "normalize-line-endings",
 "predicates-core",
+ "regex",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -2181,9 +2194,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
-version = "1.0.142"
+version = "1.0.144"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e590c437916fb6b221e1d00df6e3294f3fccd70ca7e92541c475d6ed6ef5fee2"
+checksum = "0f747710de3dcd43b88c9168773254e809d8ddbdf9653b84e2554ab219f17860"
 dependencies = [
 "serde_derive",
 ]
@@ -2209,9 +2222,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "serde_derive"
-version = "1.0.142"
+version = "1.0.144"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "34b5b8d809babe02f538c2cfec6f2c1ed10804c0e5a6a041a049a4f5588ccc2e"
+checksum = "94ed3a816fb1d101812f83e789f888322c34e291f894f19590dc310963e87a00"
 dependencies = [
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
@@ -2886,9 +2899,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-encoder"
-version = "0.15.0"
+version = "0.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8905fd25fdadeb0e7e8bf43a9f46f9f972d6291ad0c7a32573b88dd13a6cfa6b"
+checksum = "d443c5a7daae71697d97ec12ad70b4fe8766d3a0f4db16158ac8b781365892f7"
 dependencies = [
 "leb128",
 ]
@@ -2996,7 +3009,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "atty",
 "bytesize",
 "cfg-if 1.0.0",
- "clap 3.2.16",
+ "clap 3.2.17",
 "colored 2.0.0",
 "dirs",
 "distance",
@@ -3057,7 +3070,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "atty",
 "bytesize",
 "cfg-if 1.0.0",
- "clap 3.2.16",
+ "clap 3.2.17",
 "colored 2.0.0",
 "distance",
 "fern",
@@ -3194,6 +3207,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "enum-iterator",
 "enumset",
 "indexmap",
+ "memoffset",
 "more-asserts",
 "rkyv",
 "serde",
@@ -3378,21 +3392,21 @@ checksum = "718ed7c55c2add6548cca3ddd6383d738cd73b892df400e96b9aa876f0141d7a"

 [[package]]
 name = "wasmparser"
-version = "0.88.0"
+version = "0.89.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fb8cf7dd82407fe68161bedcd57fde15596f32ebf6e9b3bdbf3ae1da20e38e5e"
+checksum = "ab5d3e08b13876f96dd55608d03cd4883a0545884932d5adf11925876c96daef"
 dependencies = [
 "indexmap",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "wasmprinter"
-version = "0.2.38"
+version = "0.2.39"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "04f2786f19a25211ddfa331e28b7579a6d6880f5f4b18d21253cd90274aa4c21"
+checksum = "aa9e5ee2f56cc8a5da489558114e8c118e5a8416d96aefe63dcf1b5b05b858c6"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
- "wasmparser 0.88.0",
+ "wasmparser 0.89.1",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -3415,23 +3429,23 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "wast"
-version = "45.0.0"
+version = "46.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "186c474c4f9bb92756b566d592a16591b4526b1a4841171caa3f31d7fe330d96"
+checksum = "ea0ab19660e3ea6891bba69167b9be40fad00fb1fe3dd39c5eebcee15607131b"
 dependencies = [
 "leb128",
 "memchr",
 "unicode-width",
- "wasm-encoder 0.15.0",
+ "wasm-encoder 0.16.0",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "wat"
-version = "1.0.47"
+version = "1.0.48"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c2d4bc4724b4f02a482c8cab053dac5ef26410f264c06ce914958f9a42813556"
+checksum = "8f775282def4d5bffd94d60d6ecd57bfe6faa46171cdbf8d32bd5458842b1e3e"
 dependencies = [
- "wast 45.0.0",
+ "wast 46.0.0",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -3661,9 +3675,9 @@ checksum = "c811ca4a8c853ef420abd8592ba53ddbbac90410fab6903b3e79972a631f7680"

 [[package]]
 name = "x11-dl"
-version = "2.19.1"
+version = "2.20.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ea26926b4ce81a6f5d9d0f3a0bc401e5a37c6ae14a1bfaa8ff6099ca80038c59"
+checksum = "0c83627bc137605acc00bb399c7b908ef460b621fc37c953db2b09f88c449ea6"
 dependencies = [
 "lazy_static",
 "libc",
--- a/13
+++ b/13
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ build-wasmer-headless-minimal: RUSTFLAGS += -C panic=abort
 build-wasmer-headless-minimal:
 	RUSTFLAGS="${RUSTFLAGS}" xargo build --target $(HOST_TARGET) --release --manifest-path=lib/cli/Cargo.toml --no-default-features --features headless-minimal --bin wasmer-headless
 ifeq ($(IS_DARWIN), 1)
-	strip -u target/$(HOST_TARGET)/release/wasmer-headless
+	strip target/$(HOST_TARGET)/release/wasmer-headless
 else ifeq ($(IS_WINDOWS), 1)
 	strip --strip-unneeded target/$(HOST_TARGET)/release/wasmer-headless.exe
 else
@@ -455,8 +455,13 @@ build-capi-llvm-universal: capi-setup
 # Headless (we include the minimal to be able to run)

 build-capi-headless: capi-setup
-	RUSTFLAGS="${RUSTFLAGS} -C panic=abort" $(CARGO_BINARY) build $(CARGO_TARGET) --manifest-path lib/c-api/Cargo.toml --release \
+ifeq ($(CARGO_TARGET),)
+	RUSTFLAGS="${RUSTFLAGS} -C panic=abort -C link-dead-code -C lto -O -C embed-bitcode=yes" $(CARGO_BINARY) build --target $(HOST_TARGET) --manifest-path lib/c-api/Cargo.toml --release \
 		--no-default-features --features compiler-headless,wasi
+else
+	RUSTFLAGS="${RUSTFLAGS} -C panic=abort -C link-dead-code -C lto -O -C embed-bitcode=yes" $(CARGO_BINARY) build $(CARGO_TARGET) --manifest-path lib/c-api/Cargo.toml --release \
+		--no-default-features --features compiler-headless,wasi
+endif

 build-capi-headless-ios: capi-setup
 	RUSTFLAGS="${RUSTFLAGS} -C panic=abort" cargo lipo --manifest-path lib/c-api/Cargo.toml --release \
@@ -534,8 +539,8 @@ test-examples:
 	$(CARGO_BINARY) test $(CARGO_TARGET) $(compiler_features) --features wasi --examples
 	$(CARGO_BINARY) test $(CARGO_TARGET) --release $(compiler_features) --features wasi --examples

-test-integration:
-	$(CARGO_BINARY) test $(CARGO_TARGET) --no-fail-fast -p wasmer-integration-tests-cli
+test-integration-cli:
+	$(CARGO_BINARY) test $(CARGO_TARGET) --no-fail-fast -p wasmer-integration-tests-cli -- --nocapture

 test-integration-ios:
 	$(CARGO_BINARY) test $(CARGO_TARGET) -p wasmer-integration-tests-ios
--- a/docs/migration_to_3.0.0.md
+++ b/docs/migration_to_3.0.0.md
@@ -117,6 +117,62 @@ env_mut.memory = Some(instance.exports.get_memory("memory"));
 env_mut.alloc_guest_memory = Some(instance.exports.get_typed_function("__alloc"));
 ```

+### New `MemoryView` API (preparation for shared memory)
+
+Reading from memory has slightly changed compared to 2.x:
+
+```rust
+// 2.x
+let memory = instance.exports.get_memory("mem")?;
+println!("Memory size (pages) {:?}", memory.size());
+println!("Memory size (bytes) {:?}", memory.data_size());
+
+let load = instance
+    .exports
+    .get_native_function::<(), (WasmPtr<u8, Array>, i32)>("load")?;
+
+let (ptr, length) = load.call(&mut store)?;
+let str = ptr.get_utf8_string(memory, length as u32).unwrap();
+println!("Memory contents: {:?}", str);
+```
+
+```rust
+// 3.x
+let memory = instance.exports.get_memory("mem")?;
+let memory_view = memory.view(&store);
+println!("Memory size (pages) {:?}", memory_view.size());
+println!("Memory size (bytes) {:?}", memory_view.data_size());
+
+let load: TypedFunction<(), (WasmPtr<u8>, i32)> =
+    instance.exports.get_typed_function(&mut store, "load")?;
+
+let (ptr, length) = load.call(&mut store)?;
+let memory_view = memory.view(&store);
+let str = ptr.read_utf8_string(&memory_view, length as u32).unwrap();
+println!("Memory contents: {:?}", str);
+```
+
+The reason for this change is that in the future this will enable 
+safely sharing memory across threads. The same thing goes for reading slices:
+
+```rust
+// 2.x
+let new_str = b"Hello, Wasmer!";
+let values = ptr.deref(memory, 0, new_str.len() as u32).unwrap();
+for i in 0..new_str.len() {
+    values[i].set(new_str[i]);
+}
+```
+
+```rust
+// 3.x
+let memory_view = memory.view(&store); // (can be reused)
+let new_str = b"Hello, Wasmer!";
+let values = ptr.slice(&memory_view, new_str.len() as u32).unwrap();
+for i in 0..new_str.len() {
+    values.index(i as u64).write(new_str[i]).unwrap();
+}
+```

 ### Managing imports

--- a/examples/exports_memory.rs
+++ b/examples/exports_memory.rs
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    println!("String offset: {:?}", ptr.offset());
    println!("String length: {:?}", length);

-    // We now know where to fin our string, let's read it.
+    // We now know where to find our string, let's read it.
    //
    // We will get bytes out of the memory so we need to
    // decode them into a string.
--- a/lib/api/src/js/export.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/js/export.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use std::fmt;
 use wasm_bindgen::{JsCast, JsValue};
 use wasmer_types::{ExternType, FunctionType, GlobalType, MemoryType, TableType};

+/// Represents linear memory that is managed by the javascript runtime
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
 pub struct VMMemory {
    pub(crate) memory: Memory,
@@ -20,6 +21,11 @@ impl VMMemory {
    pub(crate) fn new(memory: Memory, ty: MemoryType) -> Self {
        Self { memory, ty }
    }
+
+    /// Attempts to clone this memory (if its clonable)
+    pub(crate) fn try_clone(&self) -> Option<VMMemory> {
+        Some(self.clone())
+    }
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
--- a/lib/api/src/js/externals/memory.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/js/externals/memory.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ use crate::js::{MemoryAccessError, MemoryType};
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
 use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
 use std::slice;
-use thiserror::Error;
 #[cfg(feature = "tracing")]
 use tracing::warn;

@@ -16,22 +15,7 @@ use wasmer_types::Pages;

 use super::MemoryView;

-/// Error type describing things that can go wrong when operating on Wasm Memories.
-#[derive(Error, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Hash)]
-pub enum MemoryError {
-    /// The operation would cause the size of the memory to exceed the maximum or would cause
-    /// an overflow leading to unindexable memory.
-    #[error("The memory could not grow: current size {} pages, requested increase: {} pages", current.0, attempted_delta.0)]
-    CouldNotGrow {
-        /// The current size in pages.
-        current: Pages,
-        /// The attempted amount to grow by in pages.
-        attempted_delta: Pages,
-    },
-    /// A user defined error value, used for error cases not listed above.
-    #[error("A user-defined error occurred: {0}")]
-    Generic(String),
-}
+pub use wasmer_types::MemoryError;

 #[wasm_bindgen]
 extern "C" {
@@ -113,7 +97,25 @@ impl Memory {
            .map_err(|_e| MemoryError::Generic("Error while creating the memory".to_owned()))?;

        let vm_memory = VMMemory::new(js_memory, ty);
-        Ok(Self::from_vm_export(store, vm_memory))
+        let handle = StoreHandle::new(store.objects_mut(), vm_memory);
+        Ok(Self::from_vm_extern(store, handle.internal_handle()))
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a new host `Memory` from provided JavaScript memory.
+    pub fn new_raw(
+        store: &mut impl AsStoreMut,
+        js_memory: js_sys::WebAssembly::Memory,
+        ty: MemoryType,
+    ) -> Result<Self, MemoryError> {
+        let vm_memory = VMMemory::new(js_memory, ty);
+        let handle = StoreHandle::new(store.objects_mut(), vm_memory);
+        Ok(Self::from_vm_extern(store, handle.internal_handle()))
+    }
+
+    /// Create a memory object from an existing memory and attaches it to the store
+    pub fn new_from_existing(new_store: &mut impl AsStoreMut, memory: VMMemory) -> Self {
+        let handle = StoreHandle::new(new_store.objects_mut(), memory);
+        Self::from_vm_extern(new_store, handle.internal_handle())
    }

    /// Returns the [`MemoryType`] of the `Memory`.
@@ -193,12 +195,6 @@ impl Memory {
        Ok(Pages(new_pages))
    }

-    pub(crate) fn from_vm_export(store: &mut impl AsStoreMut, vm_memory: VMMemory) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            handle: StoreHandle::new(store.objects_mut(), vm_memory),
-        }
-    }
-
    pub(crate) fn from_vm_extern(
        store: &mut impl AsStoreMut,
        internal: InternalStoreHandle<VMMemory>,
@@ -210,6 +206,12 @@ impl Memory {
        }
    }

+    /// Attempts to clone this memory (if its clonable)
+    pub fn try_clone(&self, store: &impl AsStoreRef) -> Option<VMMemory> {
+        let mem = self.handle.get(store.as_store_ref().objects());
+        mem.try_clone()
+    }
+
    /// Checks whether this `Global` can be used with the given context.
    pub fn is_from_store(&self, store: &impl AsStoreRef) -> bool {
        self.handle.store_id() == store.as_store_ref().objects().id()
--- a/lib/api/src/js/externals/mod.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/js/externals/mod.rs
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ impl Extern {
    }

    /// Create an `Extern` from an `wasmer_compiler::Export`.
-    pub fn from_vm_export(store: &mut impl AsStoreMut, export: Export) -> Self {
+    pub fn from_vm_extern(store: &mut impl AsStoreMut, export: Export) -> Self {
        match export {
            Export::Function(f) => Self::Function(Function::from_vm_extern(store, f)),
            Export::Memory(m) => Self::Memory(Memory::from_vm_extern(store, m)),
--- a/lib/api/src/js/function_env.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/js/function_env.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ impl<T> FunctionEnv<T> {
    }

    /// Get the data as reference
-    pub fn as_ref<'a>(&self, store: &'a impl AsStoreMut) -> &'a T
+    pub fn as_ref<'a>(&self, store: &'a impl AsStoreRef) -> &'a T
    where
        T: Any + Send + 'static + Sized,
    {
@@ -112,6 +112,11 @@ impl<T: Send + 'static> FunctionEnvMut<'_, T> {
        self.func_env.as_mut(&mut self.store_mut)
    }

+    /// Borrows a new immmutable reference
+    pub fn as_ref(&self) -> FunctionEnv<T> {
+        self.func_env.clone()
+    }
+
    /// Borrows a new mutable reference
    pub fn as_mut<'a>(&'a mut self) -> FunctionEnvMut<'a, T> {
        FunctionEnvMut {
--- a/lib/api/src/js/imports.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/js/imports.rs
@@ -174,6 +174,32 @@ impl Imports {
        }
        imports
    }
+
+    /// Iterates through all the imports in this structure
+    pub fn iter<'a>(&'a self) -> ImportsIterator<'a> {
+        ImportsIterator::new(self)
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct ImportsIterator<'a> {
+    iter: std::collections::hash_map::Iter<'a, (String, String), Extern>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> ImportsIterator<'a> {
+    fn new(imports: &'a Imports) -> Self {
+        let iter = imports.map.iter();
+        Self { iter }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Iterator for ImportsIterator<'a> {
+    type Item = (&'a str, &'a str, &'a Extern);
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        self.iter
+            .next()
+            .map(|(k, v)| (k.0.as_str(), k.1.as_str(), v))
+    }
 }

 impl IntoIterator for &Imports {
--- a/lib/api/src/js/instance.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/js/instance.rs
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ impl Instance {
                    })?;
                let export: Export =
                    Export::from_js_value(js_export, &mut store, extern_type)?.into();
-                let extern_ = Extern::from_vm_export(&mut store, export);
+                let extern_ = Extern::from_vm_extern(&mut store, export);
                Ok((name.to_string(), extern_))
            })
            .collect::<Result<Exports, InstantiationError>>()?;
--- a/lib/api/src/js/mod.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/js/mod.rs
@@ -73,6 +73,12 @@ pub use crate::js::types::{
 pub use crate::js::value::Value;
 pub use crate::js::value::Value as Val;

+pub mod vm {
+    //! The `vm` module re-exports wasmer-vm types.
+
+    pub use crate::js::export::VMMemory;
+}
+
 pub use wasmer_types::is_wasm;
 pub use wasmer_types::{
    Bytes, ExportIndex, GlobalInit, LocalFunctionIndex, Pages, ValueType, WASM_MAX_PAGES,
--- a/lib/api/src/js/native.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/js/native.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ use std::marker::PhantomData;

 use crate::js::externals::Function;
 use crate::js::store::{AsStoreMut, AsStoreRef, StoreHandle};
-use crate::js::FunctionEnv;
 use crate::js::{FromToNativeWasmType, RuntimeError, WasmTypeList};
 // use std::panic::{catch_unwind, AssertUnwindSafe};
 use crate::js::export::VMFunction;
--- a/lib/api/src/js/store.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/js/store.rs
@@ -263,6 +263,11 @@ mod objects {
            self.id
        }

+        /// Sets the ID of this store
+        pub fn set_id(&mut self, id: StoreId) {
+            self.id = id;
+        }
+
        /// Returns a pair of mutable references from two handles.
        ///
        /// Panics if both handles point to the same object.
--- a/lib/api/src/sys/externals/memory.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/sys/externals/memory.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use std::slice;
 #[cfg(feature = "tracing")]
 use tracing::warn;
 use wasmer_types::Pages;
-use wasmer_vm::{InternalStoreHandle, MemoryError, StoreHandle, VMExtern, VMMemory};
+use wasmer_vm::{InternalStoreHandle, LinearMemory, MemoryError, StoreHandle, VMExtern, VMMemory};

 use super::MemoryView;

@@ -60,6 +60,12 @@ impl Memory {
        })
    }

+    /// Create a memory object from an existing memory and attaches it to the store
+    pub fn new_from_existing(new_store: &mut impl AsStoreMut, memory: VMMemory) -> Self {
+        let handle = StoreHandle::new(new_store.objects_mut(), memory);
+        Self::from_vm_extern(new_store, handle.internal_handle())
+    }
+
    /// Returns the [`MemoryType`] of the `Memory`.
    ///
    /// # Example
@@ -142,6 +148,12 @@ impl Memory {
        self.handle.store_id() == store.as_store_ref().objects().id()
    }

+    /// Attempts to clone this memory (if its clonable)
+    pub fn try_clone(&self, store: &impl AsStoreRef) -> Option<VMMemory> {
+        let mem = self.handle.get(store.as_store_ref().objects());
+        mem.try_clone().map(|mem| mem.into())
+    }
+
    pub(crate) fn to_vm_extern(&self) -> VMExtern {
        VMExtern::Memory(self.handle.internal_handle())
    }
--- a/lib/api/src/sys/externals/memory_view.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/sys/externals/memory_view.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use std::marker::PhantomData;
 use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
 use std::slice;
 use wasmer_types::Pages;
+use wasmer_vm::LinearMemory;

 use super::memory::MemoryBuffer;
 use super::Memory;
--- a/lib/api/src/sys/tunables.rs
+++ b/lib/api/src/sys/tunables.rs
@@ -174,4 +174,138 @@ mod tests {
            s => panic!("Unexpected memory style: {:?}", s),
        }
    }
+
+    use std::cell::UnsafeCell;
+    use std::ptr::NonNull;
+    use wasmer_types::{MemoryError, MemoryStyle, MemoryType, Pages, WASM_PAGE_SIZE};
+    use wasmer_vm::{LinearMemory, MaybeInstanceOwned};
+
+    #[derive(Debug)]
+    struct VMTinyMemory {
+        mem: [u8; WASM_PAGE_SIZE],
+    }
+
+    unsafe impl Send for VMTinyMemory {}
+    unsafe impl Sync for VMTinyMemory {}
+
+    impl VMTinyMemory {
+        pub fn new() -> Result<Self, MemoryError> {
+            Ok(VMTinyMemory {
+                mem: [0; WASM_PAGE_SIZE],
+            })
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl LinearMemory for VMTinyMemory {
+        fn ty(&self) -> MemoryType {
+            MemoryType {
+                minimum: Pages::from(1u32),
+                maximum: Some(Pages::from(1u32)),
+                shared: false,
+            }
+        }
+        fn size(&self) -> Pages {
+            Pages::from(1u32)
+        }
+        fn style(&self) -> MemoryStyle {
+            MemoryStyle::Static {
+                bound: Pages::from(1u32),
+                offset_guard_size: 0,
+            }
+        }
+        fn grow(&mut self, delta: Pages) -> Result<Pages, MemoryError> {
+            Err(MemoryError::CouldNotGrow {
+                current: Pages::from(100u32),
+                attempted_delta: delta,
+            })
+        }
+        fn vmmemory(&self) -> NonNull<VMMemoryDefinition> {
+            MaybeInstanceOwned::Host(Box::new(UnsafeCell::new(VMMemoryDefinition {
+                base: self.mem.as_ptr() as _,
+                current_length: WASM_PAGE_SIZE,
+            })))
+            .as_ptr()
+        }
+        fn try_clone(&self) -> Option<Box<dyn LinearMemory + 'static>> {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl From<VMTinyMemory> for wasmer_vm::VMMemory {
+        fn from(mem: VMTinyMemory) -> Self {
+            Self(Box::new(mem))
+        }
+    }
+
+    struct TinyTunables;
+    impl Tunables for TinyTunables {
+        fn memory_style(&self, _memory: &MemoryType) -> MemoryStyle {
+            MemoryStyle::Static {
+                bound: Pages::from(1u32),
+                offset_guard_size: 0,
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// Construct a `TableStyle` for the provided `TableType`
+        fn table_style(&self, _table: &TableType) -> TableStyle {
+            TableStyle::CallerChecksSignature
+        }
+        fn create_host_memory(
+            &self,
+            _ty: &MemoryType,
+            _style: &MemoryStyle,
+        ) -> Result<VMMemory, MemoryError> {
+            let memory = VMTinyMemory::new().unwrap();
+            Ok(VMMemory::from_custom(memory))
+        }
+        unsafe fn create_vm_memory(
+            &self,
+            _ty: &MemoryType,
+            _style: &MemoryStyle,
+            _vm_definition_location: NonNull<VMMemoryDefinition>,
+        ) -> Result<VMMemory, MemoryError> {
+            let memory = VMTinyMemory::new().unwrap();
+            Ok(memory.into())
+        }
+
+        /// Create a table owned by the host given a [`TableType`] and a [`TableStyle`].
+        fn create_host_table(&self, ty: &TableType, style: &TableStyle) -> Result<VMTable, String> {
+            VMTable::new(ty, style)
+        }
+
+        /// Create a table owned by the VM given a [`TableType`] and a [`TableStyle`].
+        ///
+        /// # Safety
+        /// - `vm_definition_location` must point to a valid location in VM memory.
+        unsafe fn create_vm_table(
+            &self,
+            ty: &TableType,
+            style: &TableStyle,
+            vm_definition_location: NonNull<VMTableDefinition>,
+        ) -> Result<VMTable, String> {
+            VMTable::from_definition(ty, style, vm_definition_location)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn check_linearmemory() {
+        let tunables = TinyTunables {};
+        let vmmemory = tunables.create_host_memory(
+            &MemoryType::new(1u32, Some(100u32), true),
+            &MemoryStyle::Static {
+                bound: Pages::from(1u32),
+                offset_guard_size: 0u64,
+            },
+        );
+        let mut vmmemory = vmmemory.unwrap();
+        assert!(vmmemory.grow(Pages::from(2u32)).is_err());
+        assert_eq!(vmmemory.size(), Pages::from(1u32));
+        assert_eq!(
+            vmmemory.grow(Pages::from(0u32)).err().unwrap(),
+            MemoryError::CouldNotGrow {
+                current: Pages::from(100u32),
+                attempted_delta: Pages::from(0u32)
+            }
+        );
+    }
 }
--- a/lib/c-api/Cargo.toml
+++ b/lib/c-api/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ edition = "2018"
 # a conflict with the existing `wasmer` crate, see below.
 name = "wasmer" # ##lib.name##
                # ^ DO NOT REMOVE, it's used the `Makefile`, see `build-docs-capi`.
-crate-type = ["cdylib", "rlib", "staticlib"]
+crate-type = ["staticlib", "cdylib"] #"cdylib", "rlib", "staticlib"]

 [dependencies]
 # We rename `wasmer` to `wasmer-api` to avoid the conflict with this
--- a/lib/cli/src/c_gen/mod.rs
+++ b/lib/cli/src/c_gen/mod.rs
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ impl CType {
                #[allow(clippy::borrowed_box)]
                let ret: CType = return_value
                    .as_ref()
-                    .map(|i: &Box<CType>| (&**i).clone())
+                    .map(|i: &Box<CType>| (**i).clone())
                    .unwrap_or_default();
                ret.generate_c(w);
                w.push(' ');
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ impl CType {
                #[allow(clippy::borrowed_box)]
                let ret: CType = return_value
                    .as_ref()
-                    .map(|i: &Box<CType>| (&**i).clone())
+                    .map(|i: &Box<CType>| (**i).clone())
                    .unwrap_or_default();
                ret.generate_c(w);
                w.push(' ');
--- a/lib/cli/src/c_gen/staticlib_header.rs
+++ b/lib/cli/src/c_gen/staticlib_header.rs
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ wasm_byte_vec_t generate_serialized_data() {
        return module_byte_vec;
 }

-wasm_module_t* wasmer_static_module_new(wasm_store_t* store, const char* wasm_name) {
-        // wasm_name intentionally unused for now: will be used in the future.
+wasm_module_t* wasmer_object_module_new(wasm_store_t* store, const char* module_name) {
+        // module_name intentionally unused for now: will be used in the future.
        wasm_byte_vec_t module_byte_vec = generate_serialized_data();
        wasm_module_t* module = wasm_module_deserialize(store, &module_byte_vec);
        free(module_byte_vec.data);
--- a/lib/cli/src/commands/create_exe.rs
+++ b/lib/cli/src/commands/create_exe.rs
@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ use wasmer_object::{emit_serialized, get_object_for_target};
 pub type PrefixerFn = Box<dyn Fn(&[u8]) -> String + Send>;

 const WASMER_MAIN_C_SOURCE: &[u8] = include_bytes!("wasmer_create_exe_main.c");
-#[cfg(feature = "static-artifact-create")]
-const WASMER_STATIC_MAIN_C_SOURCE: &[u8] = include_bytes!("wasmer_static_create_exe_main.c");
+const WASMER_DESERIALIZE_HEADER: &str = include_str!("wasmer_deserialize_module.h");

 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 struct CrossCompile {
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@ struct CrossCompileSetup {
    target: Triple,
    zig_binary_path: PathBuf,
    library: PathBuf,
+    working_dir: PathBuf,
 }

 #[derive(Debug, Parser)]
@@ -111,6 +111,11 @@ pub struct CreateExe {
 impl CreateExe {
    /// Runs logic for the `compile` subcommand
    pub fn execute(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        let object_format = self.object_format.unwrap_or(ObjectFormat::Symbols);
+        let working_dir = tempfile::tempdir()?;
+        let starting_cd = env::current_dir()?;
+        let output_path = starting_cd.join(&self.output);
+
        /* Making library_path, tarball zig_binary_path flags require that target_triple flag
         * is set cannot be encoded with structopt, so we have to perform cli flag validation
         * manually here */
@@ -150,10 +155,6 @@ impl CreateExe {
            })
            .unwrap_or_default();

-        let object_format = self.object_format.unwrap_or(ObjectFormat::Symbols);
-        let working_dir = tempfile::tempdir()?;
-        let starting_cd = env::current_dir()?;
-        let output_path = starting_cd.join(&self.output);
        env::set_current_dir(&working_dir)?;

        let cross_compilation: Option<CrossCompileSetup> = if let Some(mut cross_subc) =
@@ -256,6 +257,7 @@ impl CreateExe {
                target,
                zig_binary_path,
                library,
+                working_dir: working_dir.path().to_path_buf(),
            })
        } else {
            None
@@ -268,30 +270,37 @@ impl CreateExe {
        println!("Format: {:?}", object_format);

        #[cfg(not(windows))]
-        let wasm_object_path = PathBuf::from("wasm.o");
+        let wasm_object_path = working_dir.path().join("wasm.o");
        #[cfg(windows)]
-        let wasm_object_path = PathBuf::from("wasm.obj");
+        let wasm_object_path = working_dir.path().join("wasm.obj");

        let wasm_module_path = starting_cd.join(&self.path);

+        let static_defs_header_path: PathBuf = working_dir.path().join("static_defs.h");
+
        if let Some(header_path) = self.header.as_ref() {
            /* In this case, since a header file is given, the input file is expected to be an
             * object created with `create-obj` subcommand */
            let header_path = starting_cd.join(&header_path);
-            std::fs::copy(&header_path, Path::new("static_defs.h"))
+            std::fs::copy(&header_path, &static_defs_header_path)
                .context("Could not access given header file")?;
+            let object_file_path = wasm_module_path;
            if let Some(setup) = cross_compilation.as_ref() {
                self.compile_zig(
                    output_path,
-                    wasm_module_path,
-                    std::path::Path::new("static_defs.h").into(),
+                    object_file_path,
+                    static_defs_header_path,
                    setup,
                )?;
            } else {
                self.link(
+                    static_defs_header_path,
+                    LinkCode {
+                        object_paths: vec![object_file_path, "main_obj.obj".into()],
                        output_path,
-                    wasm_module_path,
-                    std::path::Path::new("static_defs.h").into(),
+                        working_dir: working_dir.path().to_path_buf(),
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    },
                )?;
            }
        } else {
@@ -307,9 +316,44 @@ impl CreateExe {
                        .map_err(|err| anyhow::anyhow!(err.to_string()))?;
                    writer.flush()?;
                    drop(writer);
+                    // Write down header file that includes deserialize function
+                    {
+                        let mut writer = BufWriter::new(File::create(&static_defs_header_path)?);
+                        writer.write_all(WASMER_DESERIALIZE_HEADER.as_bytes())?;
+                        writer.flush()?;
+                    }

-                    let cli_given_triple = self.target_triple.clone();
-                    self.compile_c(wasm_object_path, cli_given_triple, output_path)?;
+                    // write C src to disk
+                    let c_src_path: PathBuf = working_dir.path().join("wasmer_main.c");
+                    #[cfg(not(windows))]
+                    let c_src_obj: PathBuf = working_dir.path().join("wasmer_main.o");
+                    #[cfg(windows)]
+                    let c_src_obj: PathBuf = working_dir.path().join("wasmer_main.obj");
+
+                    {
+                        let mut c_src_file = fs::OpenOptions::new()
+                            .create_new(true)
+                            .write(true)
+                            .open(&c_src_path)
+                            .context("Failed to open C source code file")?;
+                        c_src_file.write_all(WASMER_MAIN_C_SOURCE)?;
+                    }
+                    run_c_compile(
+                        &c_src_path,
+                        &c_src_obj,
+                        static_defs_header_path,
+                        self.target_triple.clone(),
+                    )
+                    .context("Failed to compile C source code")?;
+                    LinkCode {
+                        object_paths: vec![c_src_obj, wasm_object_path],
+                        output_path,
+                        additional_libraries: self.libraries.clone(),
+                        target: self.target_triple.clone(),
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    }
+                    .run()
+                    .context("Failed to link objects together")?;
                }
                #[cfg(not(feature = "static-artifact-create"))]
                ObjectFormat::Symbols => {
@@ -336,27 +380,31 @@ impl CreateExe {
                    );
                    // Write object file with functions
                    let object_file_path: std::path::PathBuf =
-                        std::path::Path::new("functions.o").into();
+                        working_dir.path().join("functions.o");
                    let mut writer = BufWriter::new(File::create(&object_file_path)?);
                    obj.write_stream(&mut writer)
                        .map_err(|err| anyhow::anyhow!(err.to_string()))?;
                    writer.flush()?;
                    // Write down header file that includes pointer arrays and the deserialize function
-                    let mut writer = BufWriter::new(File::create("static_defs.h")?);
+                    let mut writer = BufWriter::new(File::create(&static_defs_header_path)?);
                    writer.write_all(header_file_src.as_bytes())?;
                    writer.flush()?;
                    if let Some(setup) = cross_compilation.as_ref() {
                        self.compile_zig(
                            output_path,
                            object_file_path,
-                            std::path::Path::new("static_defs.h").into(),
+                            static_defs_header_path,
                            setup,
                        )?;
                    } else {
                        self.link(
+                            static_defs_header_path,
+                            LinkCode {
+                                object_paths: vec![object_file_path, "main_obj.obj".into()],
                                output_path,
-                            object_file_path,
-                            std::path::Path::new("static_defs.h").into(),
+                                working_dir: working_dir.path().to_path_buf(),
+                                ..Default::default()
+                            },
                        )?;
                    }
                }
@@ -379,55 +427,25 @@ impl CreateExe {
        Ok(())
    }

-    fn compile_c(
-        &self,
-        wasm_object_path: PathBuf,
-        target_triple: Option<wasmer::Triple>,
-        output_path: PathBuf,
-    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-        // write C src to disk
-        let c_src_path = Path::new("wasmer_main.c");
-        #[cfg(not(windows))]
-        let c_src_obj = PathBuf::from("wasmer_main.o");
-        #[cfg(windows)]
-        let c_src_obj = PathBuf::from("wasmer_main.obj");
-
-        {
-            let mut c_src_file = fs::OpenOptions::new()
-                .create_new(true)
-                .write(true)
-                .open(&c_src_path)
-                .context("Failed to open C source code file")?;
-            c_src_file.write_all(WASMER_MAIN_C_SOURCE)?;
-        }
-        run_c_compile(c_src_path, &c_src_obj, target_triple.clone())
-            .context("Failed to compile C source code")?;
-        LinkCode {
-            object_paths: vec![c_src_obj, wasm_object_path],
-            output_path,
-            additional_libraries: self.libraries.clone(),
-            target: target_triple,
-            ..Default::default()
-        }
-        .run()
-        .context("Failed to link objects together")?;
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
    fn compile_zig(
        &self,
        output_path: PathBuf,
        object_path: PathBuf,
-        mut header_code_path: PathBuf,
+        mut header_path: PathBuf,
        setup: &CrossCompileSetup,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-        let c_src_path = Path::new("wasmer_main.c");
+        debug_assert!(
+            header_path.is_absolute(),
+            "compile_zig() called with relative header file path {}",
+            header_path.display()
+        );
        let CrossCompileSetup {
            ref target,
            ref zig_binary_path,
            ref library,
+            ref working_dir,
        } = setup;
+        let c_src_path = working_dir.join("wasmer_main.c");
        let mut libwasmer_path = library.to_path_buf();

        println!("Library Path: {}", libwasmer_path.display());
@@ -449,15 +467,11 @@ impl CreateExe {
                .write(true)
                .open(&c_src_path)
                .context("Failed to open C source code file")?;
-            c_src_file.write_all(WASMER_STATIC_MAIN_C_SOURCE)?;
+            c_src_file.write_all(WASMER_MAIN_C_SOURCE)?;
        }

-        if !header_code_path.is_dir() {
-            header_code_path.pop();
-        }
-
-        if header_code_path.display().to_string().is_empty() {
-            header_code_path = std::env::current_dir()?;
+        if !header_path.is_dir() {
+            header_path.pop();
        }

        /* Compile main function */
@@ -478,7 +492,7 @@ impl CreateExe {
                .arg(&format!("-L{}", libwasmer_path.display()))
                .arg(&format!("-l:{}", lib_filename))
                .arg(&format!("-I{}", include_dir.display()))
-                .arg(&format!("-I{}", header_code_path.display()));
+                .arg(&format!("-I{}", header_path.display()));
            if !zig_triple.contains("windows") {
                cmd_mut = cmd_mut.arg("-lunwind");
            }
@@ -500,18 +514,13 @@ impl CreateExe {
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "static-artifact-create")]
-    fn link(
-        &self,
-        output_path: PathBuf,
-        object_path: PathBuf,
-        mut header_code_path: PathBuf,
-    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-        let linkcode = LinkCode {
-            object_paths: vec![object_path, "main_obj.obj".into()],
-            output_path,
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-        let c_src_path = Path::new("wasmer_main.c");
+    fn link(&self, mut header_path: PathBuf, linkcode: LinkCode) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        debug_assert!(
+            header_path.is_absolute(),
+            "link() called with relative header file path {}",
+            header_path.display()
+        );
+        let c_src_path: PathBuf = linkcode.working_dir.join("wasmer_main.c");
        let mut libwasmer_path = get_libwasmer_path()?
            .canonicalize()
            .context("Failed to find libwasmer")?;
@@ -531,15 +540,11 @@ impl CreateExe {
                .write(true)
                .open(&c_src_path)
                .context("Failed to open C source code file")?;
-            c_src_file.write_all(WASMER_STATIC_MAIN_C_SOURCE)?;
+            c_src_file.write_all(WASMER_MAIN_C_SOURCE)?;
        }

-        if !header_code_path.is_dir() {
-            header_code_path.pop();
-        }
-
-        if header_code_path.display().to_string().is_empty() {
-            header_code_path = std::env::current_dir()?;
+        if !header_path.is_dir() {
+            header_path.pop();
        }

        /* Compile main function */
@@ -568,7 +573,7 @@ impl CreateExe {
                .arg("-ldl")
                .arg("-lm")
                .arg("-pthread")
-                .arg(&format!("-I{}", header_code_path.display()))
+                .arg(&format!("-I{}", header_path.display()))
                .arg("-v")
                .arg("-o")
                .arg("main_obj.obj")
@@ -652,8 +657,15 @@ fn get_libwasmer_cache_path() -> anyhow::Result<PathBuf> {
 fn run_c_compile(
    path_to_c_src: &Path,
    output_name: &Path,
+    mut header_path: PathBuf,
    target: Option<Triple>,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    debug_assert!(
+        header_path.is_absolute(),
+        "run_c_compile() called with relative header file path {}",
+        header_path.display()
+    );
+
    #[cfg(not(windows))]
    let c_compiler = "cc";
    // We must use a C++ compiler on Windows because wasm.h uses `static_assert`
@@ -661,13 +673,17 @@ fn run_c_compile(
    #[cfg(windows)]
    let c_compiler = "clang++";

+    if !header_path.is_dir() {
+        header_path.pop();
+    }
+
    let mut command = Command::new(c_compiler);
    let command = command
        .arg("-O2")
        .arg("-c")
        .arg(path_to_c_src)
-        .arg("-I")
-        .arg(get_wasmer_include_directory()?);
+        .arg(&format!("-I{}", header_path.display()))
+        .arg(&format!("-I{}", get_wasmer_include_directory()?.display()));

    let command = if let Some(target) = target {
        command.arg("-target").arg(format!("{}", target))
@@ -706,6 +722,8 @@ struct LinkCode {
    libwasmer_path: PathBuf,
    /// The target to link the executable for.
    target: Option<Triple>,
+    /// Working directory
+    working_dir: PathBuf,
 }

 impl Default for LinkCode {
@@ -722,6 +740,7 @@ impl Default for LinkCode {
            output_path: PathBuf::from("a.out"),
            libwasmer_path: get_libwasmer_path().unwrap(),
            target: None,
+            working_dir: env::current_dir().expect("could not get current dir from environment"),
        }
    }
 }
@@ -965,6 +984,7 @@ mod http_fetch {
                    .expect("Could not join downloading thread");
                match super::get_libwasmer_cache_path() {
                    Ok(mut cache_path) => {
+                        let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(&cache_path);
                        cache_path.push(&filename);
                        if !cache_path.exists() {
                            if let Err(err) = std::fs::copy(&filename, &cache_path) {
--- a/lib/cli/src/commands/create_obj.rs
+++ b/lib/cli/src/commands/create_obj.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-#![allow(dead_code)]
-//! Create a standalone native executable for a given Wasm file.
+//! Create a compiled standalone object file for a given Wasm file.

 use super::ObjectFormat;
 use crate::{commands::PrefixerFn, store::CompilerOptions};
@@ -11,11 +10,10 @@ use std::fs::File;
 use std::io::prelude::*;
 use std::io::BufWriter;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
-use std::process::Command;
 use wasmer::*;
 use wasmer_object::{emit_serialized, get_object_for_target};

-const WASMER_SERIALIZED_HEADER: &[u8] = include_bytes!("wasmer_create_exe.h");
+const WASMER_SERIALIZED_HEADER: &[u8] = include_bytes!("wasmer_deserialize_module.h");

 #[derive(Debug, Parser)]
 /// The options for the `wasmer create-exe` subcommand
@@ -152,66 +150,17 @@ impl CreateObj {
            self.output.display(),
            header_output.display(),
        );
+        eprintln!("\n---\n");
+        eprintln!(
+            r#"To use, link the object file to your executable and call the `wasmer_object_module_new` function defined in the header file. For example, in the C language:
+
+	#include "{}"
+	
+	wasm_module_t *module = wasmer_object_module_new(store, "my_module_name");
+            "#,
+            header_output.display(),
+        );

        Ok(())
    }
 }
-fn link(
-    output_path: PathBuf,
-    object_path: PathBuf,
-    header_code_path: PathBuf,
-) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    let libwasmer_path = get_libwasmer_path()?
-        .canonicalize()
-        .context("Failed to find libwasmer")?;
-    println!(
-        "link output {:?}",
-        Command::new("cc")
-            .arg(&header_code_path)
-            .arg(&format!("-L{}", libwasmer_path.display()))
-            //.arg(&format!("-I{}", header_code_path.display()))
-            .arg("-pie")
-            .arg("-o")
-            .arg("header_obj.o")
-            .output()?
-    );
-    //ld -relocatable a.o b.o -o c.o
-
-    println!(
-        "link output {:?}",
-        Command::new("ld")
-            .arg("-relocatable")
-            .arg(&object_path)
-            .arg("header_obj.o")
-            .arg("-o")
-            .arg(&output_path)
-            .output()?
-    );
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-/// path to the static libwasmer
-fn get_libwasmer_path() -> anyhow::Result<PathBuf> {
-    let mut path = get_wasmer_dir()?;
-    path.push("lib");
-
-    // TODO: prefer headless Wasmer if/when it's a separate library.
-    #[cfg(not(windows))]
-    path.push("libwasmer.a");
-    #[cfg(windows)]
-    path.push("wasmer.lib");
-
-    Ok(path)
-}
-fn get_wasmer_dir() -> anyhow::Result<PathBuf> {
-    Ok(PathBuf::from(
-        env::var("WASMER_DIR")
-            .or_else(|e| {
-                option_env!("WASMER_INSTALL_PREFIX")
-                    .map(str::to_string)
-                    .ok_or(e)
-            })
-            .context("Trying to read env var `WASMER_DIR`")?,
-    ))
-}
--- a/lib/cli/src/commands/wasmer_create_exe_main.c
+++ b/lib/cli/src/commands/wasmer_create_exe_main.c
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
-
 #include "wasmer.h"
-//#include "my_wasm.h"
-
+#include "static_defs.h"
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -11,8 +9,8 @@
 // TODO: make this define templated so that the Rust code can toggle it on/off
 #define WASI

-extern size_t WASMER_MODULE_LENGTH asm("WASMER_MODULE_LENGTH");
-extern char WASMER_MODULE_DATA asm("WASMER_MODULE_DATA");
+extern wasm_module_t* wasmer_object_module_new(wasm_store_t* store, const char* module_name) asm("wasmer_object_module_new");
+

 static void print_wasmer_error() {
  int error_len = wasmer_last_error_length();
@@ -95,11 +93,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  wasm_engine_t *engine = wasm_engine_new_with_config(config);
  wasm_store_t *store = wasm_store_new(engine);

-  wasm_byte_vec_t module_byte_vec = {
-    .size = WASMER_MODULE_LENGTH,
-    .data = (const char*)&WASMER_MODULE_DATA,
-  };
-  wasm_module_t *module = wasm_module_deserialize(store, &module_byte_vec);
+  wasm_module_t *module = wasmer_object_module_new(store, "module");

  if (!module) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create module\n");
--- a/lib/cli/src/commands/wasmer_deserialize_module.h
+++ b/lib/cli/src/commands/wasmer_deserialize_module.h
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ extern "C" {
 extern size_t WASMER_MODULE_LENGTH asm("WASMER_MODULE_LENGTH");
 extern char WASMER_MODULE_DATA asm("WASMER_MODULE_DATA");

-wasm_module_t* wasmer_module_new(wasm_store_t* store, const char* wasm_name) {
+wasm_module_t* wasmer_object_module_new(wasm_store_t* store, const char* module_name) {
  wasm_byte_vec_t module_byte_vec = {
    .size = WASMER_MODULE_LENGTH,
    .data = (const char*)&WASMER_MODULE_DATA,
--- a/lib/cli/src/commands/wasmer_static_create_exe_main.c
+++ b/lib/cli/src/commands/wasmer_static_create_exe_main.c
@@ -1,192 +0,0 @@
-#include "wasmer.h"
-#include "static_defs.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-#define own
-
-// TODO: make this define templated so that the Rust code can toggle it on/off
-#define WASI
-
-extern wasm_module_t* wasmer_module_new(wasm_store_t* store) asm("wasmer_module_new");
-extern wasm_module_t* wasmer_static_module_new(wasm_store_t* store,const char* wasm_name) asm("wasmer_static_module_new");
-
-
-static void print_wasmer_error() {
-  int error_len = wasmer_last_error_length();
-  printf("Error len: `%d`\n", error_len);
-  char *error_str = (char *)malloc(error_len);
-  wasmer_last_error_message(error_str, error_len);
-  printf("%s\n", error_str);
-  free(error_str);
-}
-
-#ifdef WASI
-static void pass_mapdir_arg(wasi_config_t *wasi_config, char *mapdir) {
-  int colon_location = strchr(mapdir, ':') - mapdir;
-  if (colon_location == 0) {
-    // error malformed argument
-    fprintf(stderr, "Expected mapdir argument of the form alias:directory\n");
-    exit(-1);
-  }
-
-  char *alias = (char *)malloc(colon_location + 1);
-  memcpy(alias, mapdir, colon_location);
-  alias[colon_location] = '\0';
-
-  int dir_len = strlen(mapdir) - colon_location;
-  char *dir = (char *)malloc(dir_len + 1);
-  memcpy(dir, &mapdir[colon_location + 1], dir_len);
-  dir[dir_len] = '\0';
-
-  wasi_config_mapdir(wasi_config, alias, dir);
-  free(alias);
-  free(dir);
-}
-
-// We try to parse out `--dir` and `--mapdir` ahead of time and process those
-// specially. All other arguments are passed to the guest program.
-static void handle_arguments(wasi_config_t *wasi_config, int argc,
-                             char *argv[]) {
-  for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
-    // We probably want special args like `--dir` and `--mapdir` to not be
-    // passed directly
-    if (strcmp(argv[i], "--dir") == 0) {
-      // next arg is a preopen directory
-      if ((i + 1) < argc) {
-        i++;
-        wasi_config_preopen_dir(wasi_config, argv[i]);
-      } else {
-        fprintf(stderr, "--dir expects a following argument specifying which "
-                        "directory to preopen\n");
-        exit(-1);
-      }
-    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--mapdir") == 0) {
-      // next arg is a mapdir
-      if ((i + 1) < argc) {
-        i++;
-        pass_mapdir_arg(wasi_config, argv[i]);
-      } else {
-        fprintf(stderr,
-                "--mapdir expects a following argument specifying which "
-                "directory to preopen in the form alias:directory\n");
-        exit(-1);
-      }
-    } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "--dir=", strlen("--dir=")) == 0) {
-      // this arg is a preopen dir
-      char *dir = argv[i] + strlen("--dir=");
-      wasi_config_preopen_dir(wasi_config, dir);
-    } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "--mapdir=", strlen("--mapdir=")) == 0) {
-      // this arg is a mapdir
-      char *mapdir = argv[i] + strlen("--mapdir=");
-      pass_mapdir_arg(wasi_config, mapdir);
-    } else {
-      // guest argument
-      wasi_config_arg(wasi_config, argv[i]);
-    }
-  }
-}
-#endif
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  wasm_config_t *config = wasm_config_new();
-  wasm_engine_t *engine = wasm_engine_new_with_config(config);
-  wasm_store_t *store = wasm_store_new(engine);
-
-  wasm_module_t *module = wasmer_static_module_new(store, "module");
-
-  if (!module) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create module\n");
-    print_wasmer_error();
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  // We have now finished the memory buffer book keeping and we have a valid
-  // Module.
-
-#ifdef WASI
-  wasi_config_t *wasi_config = wasi_config_new(argv[0]);
-  handle_arguments(wasi_config, argc, argv);
-
-  wasi_env_t *wasi_env = wasi_env_new(store, wasi_config);
-  if (!wasi_env) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Error building WASI env!\n");
-    print_wasmer_error();
-    return 1;
-  }
-#endif
-
-  wasm_importtype_vec_t import_types;
-  wasm_module_imports(module, &import_types);
-
-  wasm_extern_vec_t imports;
-  wasm_extern_vec_new_uninitialized(&imports, import_types.size);
-  wasm_importtype_vec_delete(&import_types);
-
-#ifdef WASI
-  bool get_imports_result = wasi_get_imports(store, wasi_env, module, &imports);
-
-  if (!get_imports_result) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Error getting WASI imports!\n");
-    print_wasmer_error();
-
-    return 1;
-  }
-#endif
-
-  wasm_instance_t *instance = wasm_instance_new(store, module, &imports, NULL);
-
-  if (!instance) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create instance\n");
-    print_wasmer_error();
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-#ifdef WASI
-  // Read the exports.
-  wasm_extern_vec_t exports;
-  wasm_instance_exports(instance, &exports);
-  wasm_memory_t* mem = NULL;
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < exports.size; i++) {
-    mem = wasm_extern_as_memory(exports.data[i]);
-    if (mem) {
-      break;
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (!mem) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create instance: Could not find memory in exports\n");
-    print_wasmer_error();
-    return -1;
-  }
-  wasi_env_set_memory(wasi_env, mem);
-
-  own wasm_func_t *start_function = wasi_get_start_function(instance);
-  if (!start_function) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "`_start` function not found\n");
-    print_wasmer_error();
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  wasm_val_vec_t args = WASM_EMPTY_VEC;
-  wasm_val_vec_t results = WASM_EMPTY_VEC;
-  own wasm_trap_t *trap = wasm_func_call(start_function, &args, &results);
-  if (trap) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Trap is not NULL: TODO:\n");
-    return -1;
-  }
-#endif
-
-  // TODO: handle non-WASI start (maybe with invoke?)
-
-#ifdef WASI
-  wasi_env_delete(wasi_env);
-  wasm_extern_vec_delete(&exports);
-#endif
-  wasm_instance_delete(instance);
-  wasm_module_delete(module);
-  wasm_store_delete(store);
-  wasm_engine_delete(engine);
-  return 0;
-}
--- a/lib/compiler/src/artifact_builders/artifact_builder.rs
+++ b/lib/compiler/src/artifact_builders/artifact_builder.rs
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ impl ArtifactCreate for ArtifactBuild {
    }

    fn data_initializers(&self) -> &[OwnedDataInitializer] {
-        &*self.serializable.data_initializers
+        &self.serializable.data_initializers
    }

    fn memory_styles(&self) -> &PrimaryMap<MemoryIndex, MemoryStyle> {
--- a/lib/compiler/src/engine/artifact.rs
+++ b/lib/compiler/src/engine/artifact.rs
@@ -116,9 +116,13 @@ impl Artifact {
                "The provided bytes are not wasmer-universal".to_string(),
            ));
        }
-        let bytes = &bytes[ArtifactBuild::MAGIC_HEADER.len()..];
+
+        let bytes = Self::get_byte_slice(bytes, ArtifactBuild::MAGIC_HEADER.len(), bytes.len())?;
+
        let metadata_len = MetadataHeader::parse(bytes)?;
-        let metadata_slice: &[u8] = &bytes[MetadataHeader::LEN..][..metadata_len];
+        let metadata_slice = Self::get_byte_slice(bytes, MetadataHeader::LEN, bytes.len())?;
+        let metadata_slice = Self::get_byte_slice(metadata_slice, 0, metadata_len)?;
+
        let serializable = SerializableModule::deserialize(metadata_slice)?;
        let artifact = ArtifactBuild::from_serializable(serializable);
        let mut inner_engine = engine.inner_mut();
@@ -343,7 +347,7 @@ impl Artifact {
        // Get pointers to where metadata about local tables should live in VM memory.

        let (allocator, memory_definition_locations, table_definition_locations) =
-            InstanceAllocator::new(&*module);
+            InstanceAllocator::new(&module);
        let finished_memories = tunables
            .create_memories(
                context,
@@ -400,7 +404,7 @@ impl Artifact {
            .iter()
            .map(|init| DataInitializer {
                location: init.location.clone(),
-                data: &*init.data,
+                data: &init.data,
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
        handle
@@ -573,6 +577,19 @@ impl Artifact {
        ))
    }

+    fn get_byte_slice(input: &[u8], start: usize, end: usize) -> Result<&[u8], DeserializeError> {
+        if (start == end && input.len() > start)
+            || (start < end && input.len() > start && input.len() >= end)
+        {
+            Ok(&input[start..end])
+        } else {
+            Err(DeserializeError::InvalidByteLength {
+                expected: end - start,
+                got: input.len(),
+            })
+        }
+    }
+
    /// Deserialize a ArtifactBuild from an object file
    ///
    /// # Safety
@@ -583,15 +600,17 @@ impl Artifact {
        bytes: &[u8],
    ) -> Result<Self, DeserializeError> {
        let metadata_len = MetadataHeader::parse(bytes)?;
-
-        let metadata_slice = &bytes[MetadataHeader::LEN..][..metadata_len];
+        let metadata_slice = Self::get_byte_slice(bytes, MetadataHeader::LEN, bytes.len())?;
+        let metadata_slice = Self::get_byte_slice(metadata_slice, 0, metadata_len)?;
        let metadata: ModuleMetadata = ModuleMetadata::deserialize(metadata_slice)?;

        const WORD_SIZE: usize = mem::size_of::<usize>();
        let mut byte_buffer = [0u8; WORD_SIZE];

        let mut cur_offset = MetadataHeader::LEN + metadata_len;
-        byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE].clone_from_slice(&bytes[cur_offset..(cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)]);
+
+        let byte_buffer_slice = Self::get_byte_slice(bytes, cur_offset, cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)?;
+        byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE].clone_from_slice(byte_buffer_slice);
        cur_offset += WORD_SIZE;

        let num_finished_functions = usize::from_ne_bytes(byte_buffer);
@@ -603,8 +622,9 @@ impl Artifact {

        // read finished functions in order now...
        for _i in 0..num_finished_functions {
-            byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE]
-                .clone_from_slice(&bytes[cur_offset..(cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)]);
+            let byte_buffer_slice =
+                Self::get_byte_slice(bytes, cur_offset, cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)?;
+            byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE].clone_from_slice(byte_buffer_slice);
            let fp = FunctionBodyPtr(usize::from_ne_bytes(byte_buffer) as _);
            cur_offset += WORD_SIZE;

@@ -625,12 +645,15 @@ impl Artifact {

        // read trampolines in order
        let mut finished_function_call_trampolines = PrimaryMap::new();
-        byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE].clone_from_slice(&bytes[cur_offset..(cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)]);
+
+        let byte_buffer_slice = Self::get_byte_slice(bytes, cur_offset, cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)?;
+        byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE].clone_from_slice(byte_buffer_slice);
        cur_offset += WORD_SIZE;
        let num_function_trampolines = usize::from_ne_bytes(byte_buffer);
        for _ in 0..num_function_trampolines {
-            byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE]
-                .clone_from_slice(&bytes[cur_offset..(cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)]);
+            let byte_buffer_slice =
+                Self::get_byte_slice(bytes, cur_offset, cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)?;
+            byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE].clone_from_slice(byte_buffer_slice);
            cur_offset += WORD_SIZE;
            let trampoline_ptr_bytes = usize::from_ne_bytes(byte_buffer);
            let trampoline = mem::transmute::<usize, VMTrampoline>(trampoline_ptr_bytes);
@@ -640,12 +663,14 @@ impl Artifact {

        // read dynamic function trampolines in order now...
        let mut finished_dynamic_function_trampolines = PrimaryMap::new();
-        byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE].clone_from_slice(&bytes[cur_offset..(cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)]);
+        let byte_buffer_slice = Self::get_byte_slice(bytes, cur_offset, cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)?;
+        byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE].clone_from_slice(byte_buffer_slice);
        cur_offset += WORD_SIZE;
        let num_dynamic_trampoline_functions = usize::from_ne_bytes(byte_buffer);
        for _i in 0..num_dynamic_trampoline_functions {
-            byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE]
-                .clone_from_slice(&bytes[cur_offset..(cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)]);
+            let byte_buffer_slice =
+                Self::get_byte_slice(bytes, cur_offset, cur_offset + WORD_SIZE)?;
+            byte_buffer[0..WORD_SIZE].clone_from_slice(byte_buffer_slice);
            let fp = FunctionBodyPtr(usize::from_ne_bytes(byte_buffer) as _);
            cur_offset += WORD_SIZE;

--- a/lib/compiler/src/engine/resolver.rs
+++ b/lib/compiler/src/engine/resolver.rs
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ use wasmer_types::{
 };

 use wasmer_vm::{
-    FunctionBodyPtr, Imports, MemoryStyle, StoreObjects, TableStyle, VMExtern, VMFunctionBody,
-    VMFunctionImport, VMFunctionKind, VMGlobalImport, VMMemoryImport, VMTableImport,
+    FunctionBodyPtr, Imports, LinearMemory, MemoryStyle, StoreObjects, TableStyle, VMExtern,
+    VMFunctionBody, VMFunctionImport, VMFunctionKind, VMGlobalImport, VMMemoryImport,
+    VMTableImport,
 };

 /// Get an `ExternType` given a import index.
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ pub fn resolve_imports(
                                bound: import_bound,
                                ..
                            },
-                        ) = (export_memory_style.clone(), &import_memory_style)
+                        ) = (export_memory_style, &import_memory_style)
                        {
                            assert_ge!(bound, *import_bound);
                        }
--- a/lib/emscripten/src/lib.rs
+++ b/lib/emscripten/src/lib.rs
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ impl EmEnv {

    /// Get a reference to the memory
    pub fn memory(&self, _mem_idx: u32) -> Memory {
-        (&*self.memory.read().unwrap()).as_ref().cloned().unwrap()
+        (*self.memory.read().unwrap()).as_ref().cloned().unwrap()
    }

    pub fn set_functions(&mut self, funcs: EmscriptenFunctions) {
--- a/lib/types/Cargo.toml
+++ b/lib/types/Cargo.toml
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ enum-iterator = "0.7.0"
 target-lexicon = { version = "0.12.2", default-features = false }
 enumset = "1.0"

+[dev-dependencies]
+memoffset = "0.6"
+
 [features]
 default = ["std"]
 std = []
--- a/lib/types/src/error.rs
+++ b/lib/types/src/error.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //! The WebAssembly possible errors
-use crate::ExternType;
+use crate::{ExternType, Pages};
 use std::io;
 use thiserror::Error;

@@ -35,6 +35,56 @@ pub enum DeserializeError {
    /// trying to allocate the required resources.
    #[error(transparent)]
    Compiler(#[from] CompileError),
+    /// Input artifact bytes have an invalid length
+    #[error("invalid input bytes: expected {expected} bytes, got {got}")]
+    InvalidByteLength {
+        /// How many bytes were expected
+        expected: usize,
+        /// How many bytes the artifact contained
+        got: usize,
+    },
+}
+
+/// Error type describing things that can go wrong when operating on Wasm Memories.
+#[derive(Error, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub enum MemoryError {
+    /// Low level error with mmap.
+    #[error("Error when allocating memory: {0}")]
+    Region(String),
+    /// The operation would cause the size of the memory to exceed the maximum or would cause
+    /// an overflow leading to unindexable memory.
+    #[error("The memory could not grow: current size {} pages, requested increase: {} pages", current.0, attempted_delta.0)]
+    CouldNotGrow {
+        /// The current size in pages.
+        current: Pages,
+        /// The attempted amount to grow by in pages.
+        attempted_delta: Pages,
+    },
+    /// The operation would cause the size of the memory size exceed the maximum.
+    #[error("The memory is invalid because {}", reason)]
+    InvalidMemory {
+        /// The reason why the provided memory is invalid.
+        reason: String,
+    },
+    /// Caller asked for more minimum memory than we can give them.
+    #[error("The minimum requested ({} pages) memory is greater than the maximum allowed memory ({} pages)", min_requested.0, max_allowed.0)]
+    MinimumMemoryTooLarge {
+        /// The number of pages requested as the minimum amount of memory.
+        min_requested: Pages,
+        /// The maximum amount of memory we can allocate.
+        max_allowed: Pages,
+    },
+    /// Caller asked for a maximum memory greater than we can give them.
+    #[error("The maximum requested memory ({} pages) is greater than the maximum allowed memory ({} pages)", max_requested.0, max_allowed.0)]
+    MaximumMemoryTooLarge {
+        /// The number of pages requested as the maximum amount of memory.
+        max_requested: Pages,
+        /// The number of pages requested as the maximum amount of memory.
+        max_allowed: Pages,
+    },
+    /// A user defined error value, used for error cases not listed above.
+    #[error("A user-defined error occurred: {0}")]
+    Generic(String),
 }

 /// An ImportError.
@@ -52,6 +102,10 @@ pub enum ImportError {
    /// This error occurs when an import was expected but not provided.
    #[error("unknown import. Expected {0:?}")]
    UnknownImport(ExternType),
+
+    /// Memory Error
+    #[error("memory error. {0}")]
+    MemoryError(String),
 }

 /// An error while preinstantiating a module.
--- a/lib/types/src/lib.rs
+++ b/lib/types/src/lib.rs
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ pub use crate::compilation::target::{
 };
 pub use crate::serialize::{MetadataHeader, SerializableCompilation, SerializableModule};
 pub use error::{
-    CompileError, DeserializeError, ImportError, MiddlewareError, ParseCpuFeatureError,
-    PreInstantiationError, SerializeError, WasmError, WasmResult,
+    CompileError, DeserializeError, ImportError, MemoryError, MiddlewareError,
+    ParseCpuFeatureError, PreInstantiationError, SerializeError, WasmError, WasmResult,
 };

 /// The entity module, with common helpers for Rust structures
--- a/lib/types/src/memory.rs
+++ b/lib/types/src/memory.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use std::iter::Sum;
 use std::ops::{Add, AddAssign};

 /// Implementation styles for WebAssembly linear memory.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, RkyvSerialize, RkyvDeserialize, Archive)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, RkyvSerialize, RkyvDeserialize, Archive)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "enable-serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
 #[archive(as = "Self")]
 pub enum MemoryStyle {
@@ -84,6 +84,9 @@ pub unsafe trait MemorySize: Copy {
    /// Zero value used for `WasmPtr::is_null`.
    const ZERO: Self::Offset;

+    /// One value used for counting.
+    const ONE: Self::Offset;
+
    /// Convert an `Offset` to a `Native`.
    fn offset_to_native(offset: Self::Offset) -> Self::Native;

@@ -98,6 +101,7 @@ unsafe impl MemorySize for Memory32 {
    type Offset = u32;
    type Native = i32;
    const ZERO: Self::Offset = 0;
+    const ONE: Self::Offset = 1;
    fn offset_to_native(offset: Self::Offset) -> Self::Native {
        offset as Self::Native
    }
@@ -113,6 +117,7 @@ unsafe impl MemorySize for Memory64 {
    type Offset = u64;
    type Native = i64;
    const ZERO: Self::Offset = 0;
+    const ONE: Self::Offset = 1;
    fn offset_to_native(offset: Self::Offset) -> Self::Native {
        offset as Self::Native
    }
--- a/lib/types/src/serialize.rs
+++ b/lib/types/src/serialize.rs
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ impl SerializableModule {

    /// Returns data initializers to pass to `InstanceHandle::initialize`
    pub fn data_initializers(&self) -> &[OwnedDataInitializer] {
-        &*self.data_initializers
+        &self.data_initializers
    }

    /// Returns the memory styles associated with this `Artifact`.
--- a/lib/vm/src/instance/mod.rs
+++ b/lib/vm/src/instance/mod.rs
@@ -10,16 +10,16 @@ mod allocator;

 use crate::export::VMExtern;
 use crate::imports::Imports;
-use crate::memory::MemoryError;
 use crate::store::{InternalStoreHandle, StoreObjects};
 use crate::table::TableElement;
 use crate::trap::{catch_traps, Trap, TrapCode};
 use crate::vmcontext::{
-    VMBuiltinFunctionsArray, VMCallerCheckedAnyfunc, VMContext, VMFunctionContext,
-    VMFunctionImport, VMFunctionKind, VMGlobalDefinition, VMGlobalImport, VMMemoryDefinition,
+    memory_copy, memory_fill, VMBuiltinFunctionsArray, VMCallerCheckedAnyfunc, VMContext,
+    VMFunctionContext, VMFunctionImport, VMFunctionKind, VMGlobalDefinition, VMGlobalImport,
    VMMemoryImport, VMSharedSignatureIndex, VMTableDefinition, VMTableImport, VMTrampoline,
 };
 use crate::{FunctionBodyPtr, MaybeInstanceOwned, TrapHandlerFn, VMFunctionBody};
+use crate::{LinearMemory, VMMemoryDefinition};
 use crate::{VMFuncRef, VMFunction, VMGlobal, VMMemory, VMTable};
 pub use allocator::InstanceAllocator;
 use memoffset::offset_of;
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use wasmer_types::entity::{packed_option::ReservedValue, BoxedSlice, EntityRef, PrimaryMap};
 use wasmer_types::{
    DataIndex, DataInitializer, ElemIndex, ExportIndex, FunctionIndex, GlobalIndex, GlobalInit,
-    LocalFunctionIndex, LocalGlobalIndex, LocalMemoryIndex, LocalTableIndex, MemoryIndex,
-    ModuleInfo, Pages, SignatureIndex, TableIndex, TableInitializer, VMOffsets,
+    LocalFunctionIndex, LocalGlobalIndex, LocalMemoryIndex, LocalTableIndex, MemoryError,
+    MemoryIndex, ModuleInfo, Pages, SignatureIndex, TableIndex, TableInitializer, VMOffsets,
 };

 /// A WebAssembly instance.
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ impl Instance {
    }

    pub(crate) fn module_ref(&self) -> &ModuleInfo {
-        &*self.module
+        &self.module
    }

    fn context(&self) -> &StoreObjects {
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ impl Instance {

        let memory = self.memory(memory_index);
        // The following memory copy is not synchronized and is not atomic:
-        unsafe { memory.memory_copy(dst, src, len) }
+        unsafe { memory_copy(&memory, dst, src, len) }
    }

    /// Perform a `memory.copy` on an imported memory.
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@ impl Instance {
        let import = self.imported_memory(memory_index);
        let memory = unsafe { import.definition.as_ref() };
        // The following memory copy is not synchronized and is not atomic:
-        unsafe { memory.memory_copy(dst, src, len) }
+        unsafe { memory_copy(memory, dst, src, len) }
    }

    /// Perform the `memory.fill` operation on a locally defined memory.
@@ -663,7 +663,7 @@ impl Instance {
    ) -> Result<(), Trap> {
        let memory = self.memory(memory_index);
        // The following memory fill is not synchronized and is not atomic:
-        unsafe { memory.memory_fill(dst, val, len) }
+        unsafe { memory_fill(&memory, dst, val, len) }
    }

    /// Perform the `memory.fill` operation on an imported memory.
@@ -681,7 +681,7 @@ impl Instance {
        let import = self.imported_memory(memory_index);
        let memory = unsafe { import.definition.as_ref() };
        // The following memory fill is not synchronized and is not atomic:
-        unsafe { memory.memory_fill(dst, val, len) }
+        unsafe { memory_fill(memory, dst, val, len) }
    }

    /// Performs the `memory.init` operation.
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ impl InstanceHandle {
                let instance = instance_handle.instance_mut();
                let vmctx_ptr = instance.vmctx_ptr();
                (instance.funcrefs, instance.imported_funcrefs) = build_funcrefs(
-                    &*instance.module,
+                    &instance.module,
                    context,
                    &imports,
                    &instance.functions,
--- a/lib/vm/src/lib.rs
+++ b/lib/vm/src/lib.rs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ pub use crate::function_env::VMFunctionEnvironment;
 pub use crate::global::*;
 pub use crate::imports::Imports;
 pub use crate::instance::{InstanceAllocator, InstanceHandle};
-pub use crate::memory::{MemoryError, VMMemory};
+pub use crate::memory::{LinearMemory, VMMemory};
 pub use crate::mmap::Mmap;
 pub use crate::probestack::PROBESTACK;
 pub use crate::sig_registry::SignatureRegistry;
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ pub use crate::vmcontext::{
    VMMemoryImport, VMSharedSignatureIndex, VMTableDefinition, VMTableImport, VMTrampoline,
 };
 pub use wasmer_types::LibCall;
+pub use wasmer_types::MemoryError;
 pub use wasmer_types::MemoryStyle;
 use wasmer_types::RawValue;
 pub use wasmer_types::TableStyle;
--- a/lib/vm/src/libcalls.rs
+++ b/lib/vm/src/libcalls.rs
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_imported_memory32_grow(
 /// `vmctx` must be dereferenceable.
 #[no_mangle]
 pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_memory32_size(vmctx: *mut VMContext, memory_index: u32) -> u32 {
-    let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+    let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
    let memory_index = LocalMemoryIndex::from_u32(memory_index);

    instance.memory_size(memory_index).0
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_imported_memory32_size(
    vmctx: *mut VMContext,
    memory_index: u32,
 ) -> u32 {
-    let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+    let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
    let memory_index = MemoryIndex::from_u32(memory_index);

    instance.imported_memory_size(memory_index).0
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_table_fill(
 /// `vmctx` must be dereferenceable.
 #[no_mangle]
 pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_table_size(vmctx: *mut VMContext, table_index: u32) -> u32 {
-    let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+    let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
    let table_index = LocalTableIndex::from_u32(table_index);

    instance.table_size(table_index)
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_imported_table_size(
    vmctx: *mut VMContext,
    table_index: u32,
 ) -> u32 {
-    let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+    let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
    let table_index = TableIndex::from_u32(table_index);

    instance.imported_table_size(table_index)
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_table_get(
    table_index: u32,
    elem_index: u32,
 ) -> RawTableElement {
-    let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+    let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
    let table_index = LocalTableIndex::from_u32(table_index);

    // TODO: type checking, maybe have specialized accessors
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_func_ref(
    vmctx: *mut VMContext,
    function_index: u32,
 ) -> VMFuncRef {
-    let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+    let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
    let function_index = FunctionIndex::from_u32(function_index);

    instance.func_ref(function_index).unwrap()
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_func_ref(
 pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_elem_drop(vmctx: *mut VMContext, elem_index: u32) {
    on_host_stack(|| {
        let elem_index = ElemIndex::from_u32(elem_index);
-        let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+        let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
        instance.elem_drop(elem_index);
    })
 }
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_memory32_copy(
 ) {
    let result = {
        let memory_index = LocalMemoryIndex::from_u32(memory_index);
-        let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+        let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
        instance.local_memory_copy(memory_index, dst, src, len)
    };
    if let Err(trap) = result {
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_imported_memory32_copy(
 ) {
    let result = {
        let memory_index = MemoryIndex::from_u32(memory_index);
-        let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+        let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
        instance.imported_memory_copy(memory_index, dst, src, len)
    };
    if let Err(trap) = result {
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_memory32_fill(
 ) {
    let result = {
        let memory_index = LocalMemoryIndex::from_u32(memory_index);
-        let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+        let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
        instance.local_memory_fill(memory_index, dst, val, len)
    };
    if let Err(trap) = result {
@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_imported_memory32_fill(
 ) {
    let result = {
        let memory_index = MemoryIndex::from_u32(memory_index);
-        let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+        let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
        instance.imported_memory_fill(memory_index, dst, val, len)
    };
    if let Err(trap) = result {
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_memory32_init(
    let result = {
        let memory_index = MemoryIndex::from_u32(memory_index);
        let data_index = DataIndex::from_u32(data_index);
-        let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+        let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
        instance.memory_init(memory_index, data_index, dst, src, len)
    };
    if let Err(trap) = result {
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_memory32_init(
 pub unsafe extern "C" fn wasmer_vm_data_drop(vmctx: *mut VMContext, data_index: u32) {
    on_host_stack(|| {
        let data_index = DataIndex::from_u32(data_index);
-        let instance = (&*vmctx).instance();
+        let instance = (*vmctx).instance();
        instance.data_drop(data_index)
    })
 }
--- a/lib/vm/src/memory.rs
+++ b/lib/vm/src/memory.rs
@@ -5,88 +5,156 @@
 //!
 //! `Memory` is to WebAssembly linear memories what `Table` is to WebAssembly tables.

-use crate::vmcontext::VMMemoryDefinition;
-use crate::{mmap::Mmap, store::MaybeInstanceOwned};
+use crate::{mmap::Mmap, store::MaybeInstanceOwned, vmcontext::VMMemoryDefinition};
 use more_asserts::assert_ge;
 use std::cell::UnsafeCell;
 use std::convert::TryInto;
 use std::ptr::NonNull;
-use thiserror::Error;
-use wasmer_types::{Bytes, MemoryStyle, MemoryType, Pages};
-
-/// Error type describing things that can go wrong when operating on Wasm Memories.
-#[derive(Error, Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
-pub enum MemoryError {
-    /// Low level error with mmap.
-    #[error("Error when allocating memory: {0}")]
-    Region(String),
-    /// The operation would cause the size of the memory to exceed the maximum or would cause
-    /// an overflow leading to unindexable memory.
-    #[error("The memory could not grow: current size {} pages, requested increase: {} pages", current.0, attempted_delta.0)]
-    CouldNotGrow {
-        /// The current size in pages.
-        current: Pages,
-        /// The attempted amount to grow by in pages.
-        attempted_delta: Pages,
-    },
-    /// The operation would cause the size of the memory size exceed the maximum.
-    #[error("The memory is invalid because {}", reason)]
-    InvalidMemory {
-        /// The reason why the provided memory is invalid.
-        reason: String,
-    },
-    /// Caller asked for more minimum memory than we can give them.
-    #[error("The minimum requested ({} pages) memory is greater than the maximum allowed memory ({} pages)", min_requested.0, max_allowed.0)]
-    MinimumMemoryTooLarge {
-        /// The number of pages requested as the minimum amount of memory.
-        min_requested: Pages,
-        /// The maximum amount of memory we can allocate.
-        max_allowed: Pages,
-    },
-    /// Caller asked for a maximum memory greater than we can give them.
-    #[error("The maximum requested memory ({} pages) is greater than the maximum allowed memory ({} pages)", max_requested.0, max_allowed.0)]
-    MaximumMemoryTooLarge {
-        /// The number of pages requested as the maximum amount of memory.
-        max_requested: Pages,
-        /// The number of pages requested as the maximum amount of memory.
-        max_allowed: Pages,
-    },
-    /// A user defined error value, used for error cases not listed above.
-    #[error("A user-defined error occurred: {0}")]
-    Generic(String),
-}
-
-/// A linear memory instance.
-pub struct VMMemory {
-    // The underlying allocation.
-    mmap: WasmMmap,
-
-    // The optional maximum size in wasm pages of this linear memory.
-    maximum: Option<Pages>,
-
-    /// The WebAssembly linear memory description.
-    memory: MemoryType,
-
-    /// Our chosen implementation style.
-    style: MemoryStyle,
-
-    // Size in bytes of extra guard pages after the end to optimize loads and stores with
-    // constant offsets.
-    offset_guard_size: usize,
-
-    /// The owned memory definition used by the generated code
-    vm_memory_definition: MaybeInstanceOwned<VMMemoryDefinition>,
-}
+use wasmer_types::{Bytes, MemoryError, MemoryStyle, MemoryType, Pages};

+// The memory mapped area
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct WasmMmap {
    // Our OS allocation of mmap'd memory.
    alloc: Mmap,
    // The current logical size in wasm pages of this linear memory.
    size: Pages,
+    /// The owned memory definition used by the generated code
+    vm_memory_definition: MaybeInstanceOwned<VMMemoryDefinition>,
 }

-impl VMMemory {
+impl WasmMmap {
+    fn get_vm_memory_definition(&self) -> NonNull<VMMemoryDefinition> {
+        self.vm_memory_definition.as_ptr()
+    }
+
+    fn size(&self) -> Pages {
+        unsafe {
+            let md_ptr = self.get_vm_memory_definition();
+            let md = md_ptr.as_ref();
+            Bytes::from(md.current_length).try_into().unwrap()
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn grow(&mut self, delta: Pages, conf: VMMemoryConfig) -> Result<Pages, MemoryError> {
+        // Optimization of memory.grow 0 calls.
+        if delta.0 == 0 {
+            return Ok(self.size);
+        }
+
+        let new_pages = self
+            .size
+            .checked_add(delta)
+            .ok_or(MemoryError::CouldNotGrow {
+                current: self.size,
+                attempted_delta: delta,
+            })?;
+        let prev_pages = self.size;
+
+        if let Some(maximum) = conf.maximum {
+            if new_pages > maximum {
+                return Err(MemoryError::CouldNotGrow {
+                    current: self.size,
+                    attempted_delta: delta,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Wasm linear memories are never allowed to grow beyond what is
+        // indexable. If the memory has no maximum, enforce the greatest
+        // limit here.
+        if new_pages >= Pages::max_value() {
+            // Linear memory size would exceed the index range.
+            return Err(MemoryError::CouldNotGrow {
+                current: self.size,
+                attempted_delta: delta,
+            });
+        }
+
+        let delta_bytes = delta.bytes().0;
+        let prev_bytes = prev_pages.bytes().0;
+        let new_bytes = new_pages.bytes().0;
+
+        if new_bytes > self.alloc.len() - conf.offset_guard_size {
+            // If the new size is within the declared maximum, but needs more memory than we
+            // have on hand, it's a dynamic heap and it can move.
+            let guard_bytes = conf.offset_guard_size;
+            let request_bytes =
+                new_bytes
+                    .checked_add(guard_bytes)
+                    .ok_or_else(|| MemoryError::CouldNotGrow {
+                        current: new_pages,
+                        attempted_delta: Bytes(guard_bytes).try_into().unwrap(),
+                    })?;
+
+            let mut new_mmap =
+                Mmap::accessible_reserved(new_bytes, request_bytes).map_err(MemoryError::Region)?;
+
+            let copy_len = self.alloc.len() - conf.offset_guard_size;
+            new_mmap.as_mut_slice()[..copy_len].copy_from_slice(&self.alloc.as_slice()[..copy_len]);
+
+            self.alloc = new_mmap;
+        } else if delta_bytes > 0 {
+            // Make the newly allocated pages accessible.
+            self.alloc
+                .make_accessible(prev_bytes, delta_bytes)
+                .map_err(MemoryError::Region)?;
+        }
+
+        self.size = new_pages;
+
+        // update memory definition
+        unsafe {
+            let mut md_ptr = self.vm_memory_definition.as_ptr();
+            let md = md_ptr.as_mut();
+            md.current_length = new_pages.bytes().0;
+            md.base = self.alloc.as_mut_ptr() as _;
+        }
+
+        Ok(prev_pages)
+    }
+}
+
+/// A linear memory instance.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct VMMemoryConfig {
+    // The optional maximum size in wasm pages of this linear memory.
+    maximum: Option<Pages>,
+    /// The WebAssembly linear memory description.
+    memory: MemoryType,
+    /// Our chosen implementation style.
+    style: MemoryStyle,
+    // Size in bytes of extra guard pages after the end to optimize loads and stores with
+    // constant offsets.
+    offset_guard_size: usize,
+}
+
+impl VMMemoryConfig {
+    fn ty(&self, minimum: Pages) -> MemoryType {
+        let mut out = self.memory;
+        out.minimum = minimum;
+
+        out
+    }
+
+    fn style(&self) -> MemoryStyle {
+        self.style
+    }
+}
+
+/// A linear memory instance.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct VMOwnedMemory {
+    // The underlying allocation.
+    mmap: WasmMmap,
+    // Configuration of this memory
+    config: VMMemoryConfig,
+}
+
+unsafe impl Send for VMOwnedMemory {}
+unsafe impl Sync for VMOwnedMemory {}
+
+impl VMOwnedMemory {
    /// Create a new linear memory instance with specified minimum and maximum number of wasm pages.
    ///
    /// This creates a `Memory` with owned metadata: this can be used to create a memory
@@ -154,18 +222,11 @@ impl VMMemory {
        let mapped_pages = memory.minimum;
        let mapped_bytes = mapped_pages.bytes();

-        let mut mmap = WasmMmap {
-            alloc: Mmap::accessible_reserved(mapped_bytes.0, request_bytes)
-                .map_err(MemoryError::Region)?,
-            size: memory.minimum,
-        };
-
-        let base_ptr = mmap.alloc.as_mut_ptr();
+        let mut alloc = Mmap::accessible_reserved(mapped_bytes.0, request_bytes)
+            .map_err(MemoryError::Region)?;
+        let base_ptr = alloc.as_mut_ptr();
        let mem_length = memory.minimum.bytes().0;
-        Ok(Self {
-            mmap,
-            maximum: memory.maximum,
-            offset_guard_size: offset_guard_bytes,
+        let mmap = WasmMmap {
            vm_memory_definition: if let Some(mem_loc) = vm_memory_location {
                {
                    let mut ptr = mem_loc;
@@ -180,127 +241,173 @@ impl VMMemory {
                    current_length: mem_length,
                })))
            },
+            alloc,
+            size: memory.minimum,
+        };
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            mmap,
+            config: VMMemoryConfig {
+                maximum: memory.maximum,
+                offset_guard_size: offset_guard_bytes,
                memory: *memory,
-            style: style.clone(),
+                style: *style,
+            },
        })
    }
+}

-    /// Get the `VMMemoryDefinition`.
-    fn get_vm_memory_definition(&self) -> NonNull<VMMemoryDefinition> {
-        self.vm_memory_definition.as_ptr()
+impl LinearMemory for VMOwnedMemory {
+    /// Returns the type for this memory.
+    fn ty(&self) -> MemoryType {
+        let minimum = self.mmap.size();
+        self.config.ty(minimum)
    }

-    /// Returns the type for this memory.
-    pub fn ty(&self) -> MemoryType {
-        let minimum = self.size();
-        let mut out = self.memory;
-        out.minimum = minimum;
-
-        out
+    /// Returns the size of hte memory in pages
+    fn size(&self) -> Pages {
+        self.mmap.size()
    }

    /// Returns the memory style for this memory.
-    pub fn style(&self) -> &MemoryStyle {
-        &self.style
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the number of allocated wasm pages.
-    pub fn size(&self) -> Pages {
-        // TODO: investigate this function for race conditions
-        unsafe {
-            let md_ptr = self.get_vm_memory_definition();
-            let md = md_ptr.as_ref();
-            Bytes::from(md.current_length).try_into().unwrap()
-        }
+    fn style(&self) -> MemoryStyle {
+        self.config.style()
    }

    /// Grow memory by the specified amount of wasm pages.
    ///
    /// Returns `None` if memory can't be grown by the specified amount
    /// of wasm pages.
-    pub fn grow(&mut self, delta: Pages) -> Result<Pages, MemoryError> {
-        // Optimization of memory.grow 0 calls.
-        if delta.0 == 0 {
-            return Ok(self.mmap.size);
-        }
-
-        let new_pages = self
-            .mmap
-            .size
-            .checked_add(delta)
-            .ok_or(MemoryError::CouldNotGrow {
-                current: self.mmap.size,
-                attempted_delta: delta,
-            })?;
-        let prev_pages = self.mmap.size;
-
-        if let Some(maximum) = self.maximum {
-            if new_pages > maximum {
-                return Err(MemoryError::CouldNotGrow {
-                    current: self.mmap.size,
-                    attempted_delta: delta,
-                });
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Wasm linear memories are never allowed to grow beyond what is
-        // indexable. If the memory has no maximum, enforce the greatest
-        // limit here.
-        if new_pages >= Pages::max_value() {
-            // Linear memory size would exceed the index range.
-            return Err(MemoryError::CouldNotGrow {
-                current: self.mmap.size,
-                attempted_delta: delta,
-            });
-        }
-
-        let delta_bytes = delta.bytes().0;
-        let prev_bytes = prev_pages.bytes().0;
-        let new_bytes = new_pages.bytes().0;
-
-        if new_bytes > self.mmap.alloc.len() - self.offset_guard_size {
-            // If the new size is within the declared maximum, but needs more memory than we
-            // have on hand, it's a dynamic heap and it can move.
-            let guard_bytes = self.offset_guard_size;
-            let request_bytes =
-                new_bytes
-                    .checked_add(guard_bytes)
-                    .ok_or_else(|| MemoryError::CouldNotGrow {
-                        current: new_pages,
-                        attempted_delta: Bytes(guard_bytes).try_into().unwrap(),
-                    })?;
-
-            let mut new_mmap =
-                Mmap::accessible_reserved(new_bytes, request_bytes).map_err(MemoryError::Region)?;
-
-            let copy_len = self.mmap.alloc.len() - self.offset_guard_size;
-            new_mmap.as_mut_slice()[..copy_len]
-                .copy_from_slice(&self.mmap.alloc.as_slice()[..copy_len]);
-
-            self.mmap.alloc = new_mmap;
-        } else if delta_bytes > 0 {
-            // Make the newly allocated pages accessible.
-            self.mmap
-                .alloc
-                .make_accessible(prev_bytes, delta_bytes)
-                .map_err(MemoryError::Region)?;
-        }
-
-        self.mmap.size = new_pages;
-
-        // update memory definition
-        unsafe {
-            let mut md_ptr = self.get_vm_memory_definition();
-            let md = md_ptr.as_mut();
-            md.current_length = new_pages.bytes().0;
-            md.base = self.mmap.alloc.as_mut_ptr() as _;
-        }
-
-        Ok(prev_pages)
+    fn grow(&mut self, delta: Pages) -> Result<Pages, MemoryError> {
+        self.mmap.grow(delta, self.config.clone())
    }

    /// Return a `VMMemoryDefinition` for exposing the memory to compiled wasm code.
-    pub fn vmmemory(&self) -> NonNull<VMMemoryDefinition> {
-        self.get_vm_memory_definition()
+    fn vmmemory(&self) -> NonNull<VMMemoryDefinition> {
+        self.mmap.vm_memory_definition.as_ptr()
+    }
+
+    /// Owned memory can not be cloned (this will always return None)
+    fn try_clone(&self) -> Option<Box<dyn LinearMemory + 'static>> {
+        None
    }
 }
+
+impl From<VMOwnedMemory> for VMMemory {
+    fn from(mem: VMOwnedMemory) -> Self {
+        Self(Box::new(mem))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Represents linear memory that can be either owned or shared
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct VMMemory(pub Box<dyn LinearMemory + 'static>);
+
+impl From<Box<dyn LinearMemory + 'static>> for VMMemory {
+    fn from(mem: Box<dyn LinearMemory + 'static>) -> Self {
+        Self(mem)
+    }
+}
+
+impl LinearMemory for VMMemory {
+    /// Returns the type for this memory.
+    fn ty(&self) -> MemoryType {
+        self.0.ty()
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the size of hte memory in pages
+    fn size(&self) -> Pages {
+        self.0.size()
+    }
+
+    /// Grow memory by the specified amount of wasm pages.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `None` if memory can't be grown by the specified amount
+    /// of wasm pages.
+    fn grow(&mut self, delta: Pages) -> Result<Pages, MemoryError> {
+        self.0.grow(delta)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the memory style for this memory.
+    fn style(&self) -> MemoryStyle {
+        self.0.style()
+    }
+
+    /// Return a `VMMemoryDefinition` for exposing the memory to compiled wasm code.
+    fn vmmemory(&self) -> NonNull<VMMemoryDefinition> {
+        self.0.vmmemory()
+    }
+
+    /// Attempts to clone this memory (if its clonable)
+    fn try_clone(&self) -> Option<Box<dyn LinearMemory + 'static>> {
+        self.0.try_clone()
+    }
+}
+
+impl VMMemory {
+    /// Creates a new linear memory instance of the correct type with specified
+    /// minimum and maximum number of wasm pages.
+    ///
+    /// This creates a `Memory` with owned metadata: this can be used to create a memory
+    /// that will be imported into Wasm modules.
+    pub fn new(memory: &MemoryType, style: &MemoryStyle) -> Result<VMMemory, MemoryError> {
+        Ok(Self(Box::new(VMOwnedMemory::new(memory, style)?)))
+    }
+
+    /// Create a new linear memory instance with specified minimum and maximum number of wasm pages.
+    ///
+    /// This creates a `Memory` with metadata owned by a VM, pointed to by
+    /// `vm_memory_location`: this can be used to create a local memory.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    /// - `vm_memory_location` must point to a valid location in VM memory.
+    pub unsafe fn from_definition(
+        memory: &MemoryType,
+        style: &MemoryStyle,
+        vm_memory_location: NonNull<VMMemoryDefinition>,
+    ) -> Result<VMMemory, MemoryError> {
+        Ok(Self(Box::new(VMOwnedMemory::from_definition(
+            memory,
+            style,
+            vm_memory_location,
+        )?)))
+    }
+
+    /// Creates VMMemory from a custom implementation - the following into implementations
+    /// are natively supported
+    /// - VMOwnedMemory -> VMMemory
+    /// - Box<dyn LinearMemory + 'static> -> VMMemory
+    pub fn from_custom<IntoVMMemory>(memory: IntoVMMemory) -> VMMemory
+    where
+        IntoVMMemory: Into<VMMemory>,
+    {
+        memory.into()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Represents memory that is used by the WebAsssembly module
+pub trait LinearMemory
+where
+    Self: std::fmt::Debug + Send,
+{
+    /// Returns the type for this memory.
+    fn ty(&self) -> MemoryType;
+
+    /// Returns the size of hte memory in pages
+    fn size(&self) -> Pages;
+
+    /// Returns the memory style for this memory.
+    fn style(&self) -> MemoryStyle;
+
+    /// Grow memory by the specified amount of wasm pages.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `None` if memory can't be grown by the specified amount
+    /// of wasm pages.
+    fn grow(&mut self, delta: Pages) -> Result<Pages, MemoryError>;
+
+    /// Return a `VMMemoryDefinition` for exposing the memory to compiled wasm code.
+    fn vmmemory(&self) -> NonNull<VMMemoryDefinition>;
+
+    /// Attempts to clone this memory (if its clonable)
+    fn try_clone(&self) -> Option<Box<dyn LinearMemory + 'static>>;
+}
--- a/lib/vm/src/store.rs
+++ b/lib/vm/src/store.rs
@@ -266,3 +266,23 @@ impl<T> MaybeInstanceOwned<T> {
        }
    }
 }
+
+impl<T> std::fmt::Debug for MaybeInstanceOwned<T>
+where
+    T: std::fmt::Debug,
+{
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            MaybeInstanceOwned::Host(p) => {
+                write!(f, "host(")?;
+                p.as_ref().fmt(f)?;
+                write!(f, ")")
+            }
+            MaybeInstanceOwned::Instance(p) => {
+                write!(f, "instance(")?;
+                unsafe { p.as_ref().fmt(f)? };
+                write!(f, ")")
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/lib/vm/src/vmcontext.rs
+++ b/lib/vm/src/vmcontext.rs
@@ -303,49 +303,29 @@ mod test_vmglobal_import {
    }
 }

-/// The fields compiled code needs to access to utilize a WebAssembly linear
-/// memory defined within the instance, namely the start address and the
-/// size in bytes.
-#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
-#[repr(C)]
-pub struct VMMemoryDefinition {
-    /// The start address which is always valid, even if the memory grows.
-    pub base: *mut u8,
-
-    /// The current logical size of this linear memory in bytes.
-    pub current_length: usize,
-}
-
+/// Do an unsynchronized, non-atomic `memory.copy` for the memory.
+///
+/// # Errors
+///
+/// Returns a `Trap` error when the source or destination ranges are out of
+/// bounds.
+///
 /// # Safety
-/// This data is safe to share between threads because it's plain data that
-/// is the user's responsibility to synchronize.
-unsafe impl Send for VMMemoryDefinition {}
-/// # Safety
-/// This data is safe to share between threads because it's plain data that
-/// is the user's responsibility to synchronize. And it's `Copy` so there's
-/// really no difference between passing it by reference or by value as far as
-/// correctness in a multi-threaded context is concerned.
-unsafe impl Sync for VMMemoryDefinition {}
-
-impl VMMemoryDefinition {
-    /// Do an unsynchronized, non-atomic `memory.copy` for the memory.
-    ///
-    /// # Errors
-    ///
-    /// Returns a `Trap` error when the source or destination ranges are out of
-    /// bounds.
-    ///
-    /// # Safety
-    /// The memory is not copied atomically and is not synchronized: it's the
-    /// caller's responsibility to synchronize.
-    pub(crate) unsafe fn memory_copy(&self, dst: u32, src: u32, len: u32) -> Result<(), Trap> {
+/// The memory is not copied atomically and is not synchronized: it's the
+/// caller's responsibility to synchronize.
+pub(crate) unsafe fn memory_copy(
+    mem: &VMMemoryDefinition,
+    dst: u32,
+    src: u32,
+    len: u32,
+) -> Result<(), Trap> {
    // https://webassembly.github.io/reference-types/core/exec/instructions.html#exec-memory-copy
    if src
        .checked_add(len)
-            .map_or(true, |n| usize::try_from(n).unwrap() > self.current_length)
+        .map_or(true, |n| usize::try_from(n).unwrap() > mem.current_length)
        || dst
            .checked_add(len)
-                .map_or(true, |m| usize::try_from(m).unwrap() > self.current_length)
+            .map_or(true, |m| usize::try_from(m).unwrap() > mem.current_length)
    {
        return Err(Trap::lib(TrapCode::HeapAccessOutOfBounds));
    }
@@ -355,27 +335,32 @@ impl VMMemoryDefinition {

    // Bounds and casts are checked above, by this point we know that
    // everything is safe.
-        let dst = self.base.add(dst);
-        let src = self.base.add(src);
+    let dst = mem.base.add(dst);
+    let src = mem.base.add(src);
    ptr::copy(src, dst, len as usize);

    Ok(())
-    }
+}

-    /// Perform the `memory.fill` operation for the memory in an unsynchronized,
-    /// non-atomic way.
-    ///
-    /// # Errors
-    ///
-    /// Returns a `Trap` error if the memory range is out of bounds.
-    ///
-    /// # Safety
-    /// The memory is not filled atomically and is not synchronized: it's the
-    /// caller's responsibility to synchronize.
-    pub(crate) unsafe fn memory_fill(&self, dst: u32, val: u32, len: u32) -> Result<(), Trap> {
+/// Perform the `memory.fill` operation for the memory in an unsynchronized,
+/// non-atomic way.
+///
+/// # Errors
+///
+/// Returns a `Trap` error if the memory range is out of bounds.
+///
+/// # Safety
+/// The memory is not filled atomically and is not synchronized: it's the
+/// caller's responsibility to synchronize.
+pub(crate) unsafe fn memory_fill(
+    mem: &VMMemoryDefinition,
+    dst: u32,
+    val: u32,
+    len: u32,
+) -> Result<(), Trap> {
    if dst
        .checked_add(len)
-            .map_or(true, |m| usize::try_from(m).unwrap() > self.current_length)
+        .map_or(true, |m| usize::try_from(m).unwrap() > mem.current_length)
    {
        return Err(Trap::lib(TrapCode::HeapAccessOutOfBounds));
    }
@@ -385,38 +370,10 @@ impl VMMemoryDefinition {

    // Bounds and casts are checked above, by this point we know that
    // everything is safe.
-        let dst = self.base.offset(dst);
+    let dst = mem.base.offset(dst);
    ptr::write_bytes(dst, val, len as usize);

    Ok(())
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod test_vmmemory_definition {
-    use super::VMMemoryDefinition;
-    use crate::VMOffsets;
-    use memoffset::offset_of;
-    use std::mem::size_of;
-    use wasmer_types::ModuleInfo;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn check_vmmemory_definition_offsets() {
-        let module = ModuleInfo::new();
-        let offsets = VMOffsets::new(size_of::<*mut u8>() as u8, &module);
-        assert_eq!(
-            size_of::<VMMemoryDefinition>(),
-            usize::from(offsets.size_of_vmmemory_definition())
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            offset_of!(VMMemoryDefinition, base),
-            usize::from(offsets.vmmemory_definition_base())
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            offset_of!(VMMemoryDefinition, current_length),
-            usize::from(offsets.vmmemory_definition_current_length())
-        );
-    }
 }

 /// The fields compiled code needs to access to utilize a WebAssembly table
@@ -720,3 +677,54 @@ pub type VMTrampoline = unsafe extern "C" fn(
    *const VMFunctionBody, // function we're actually calling
    *mut RawValue,         // space for arguments and return values
 );
+
+/// The fields compiled code needs to access to utilize a WebAssembly linear
+/// memory defined within the instance, namely the start address and the
+/// size in bytes.
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+#[repr(C)]
+pub struct VMMemoryDefinition {
+    /// The start address which is always valid, even if the memory grows.
+    pub base: *mut u8,
+
+    /// The current logical size of this linear memory in bytes.
+    pub current_length: usize,
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+/// This data is safe to share between threads because it's plain data that
+/// is the user's responsibility to synchronize.
+unsafe impl Send for VMMemoryDefinition {}
+/// # Safety
+/// This data is safe to share between threads because it's plain data that
+/// is the user's responsibility to synchronize. And it's `Copy` so there's
+/// really no difference between passing it by reference or by value as far as
+/// correctness in a multi-threaded context is concerned.
+unsafe impl Sync for VMMemoryDefinition {}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test_vmmemory_definition {
+    use super::VMMemoryDefinition;
+    use crate::ModuleInfo;
+    use crate::VMOffsets;
+    use memoffset::offset_of;
+    use std::mem::size_of;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn check_vmmemory_definition_offsets() {
+        let module = ModuleInfo::new();
+        let offsets = VMOffsets::new(size_of::<*mut u8>() as u8, &module);
+        assert_eq!(
+            size_of::<VMMemoryDefinition>(),
+            usize::from(offsets.size_of_vmmemory_definition())
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            offset_of!(VMMemoryDefinition, base),
+            usize::from(offsets.vmmemory_definition_base())
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            offset_of!(VMMemoryDefinition, current_length),
+            usize::from(offsets.vmmemory_definition_current_length())
+        );
+    }
+}
--- a/lib/wasi/Cargo.toml
+++ b/lib/wasi/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,9 +10,6 @@ license = "MIT"
 readme = "README.md"
 edition = "2018"

-[lib]
-crate-type = ["cdylib", "rlib"]
-
 [dependencies]
 cfg-if = "1.0"
 thiserror = "1"
--- a/lib/wasi/src/syscalls/mod.rs
+++ b/lib/wasi/src/syscalls/mod.rs
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ pub fn args_get<M: MemorySize>(
    let env = ctx.data();
    let (memory, mut state) = env.get_memory_and_wasi_state(&ctx, 0);

-    let result = write_buffer_array(&memory, &*state.args, argv, argv_buf);
+    let result = write_buffer_array(&memory, &state.args, argv, argv_buf);

    debug!(
        "=> args:\n{}",
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ pub fn environ_get<M: MemorySize>(
    let (memory, mut state) = env.get_memory_and_wasi_state(&ctx, 0);
    trace!(" -> State envs: {:?}", state.envs);

-    write_buffer_array(&memory, &*state.envs, environ, environ_buf)
+    write_buffer_array(&memory, &state.envs, environ, environ_buf)
 }

 /// ### `environ_sizes_get()`
@@ -5555,7 +5555,7 @@ pub unsafe fn sock_send_file<M: MemorySize>(
            sock,
            __WASI_RIGHT_SOCK_SEND,
            |socket| {
-                let buf = (&buf[..]).to_vec();
+                let buf = (buf[..]).to_vec();
                socket.send_bytes::<M>(Bytes::from(buf))
            }
        ));
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -1 +1 @@
-1.59
+1.61
--- a/scripts/publish.py
+++ b/scripts/publish.py
@@ -1,199 +1,366 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env python3

-# This is a script for publishing the wasmer crates to crates.io.
-# It should be run in the root of wasmer like `python3 scripts/publish.py --no-dry-run`.
-# By default the script executes a test run and does not publish the crates to crates.io.
+"""This is a script for publishing the wasmer crates to crates.io.
+It should be run in the root of wasmer like `python3 scripts/publish.py --help`.

-# install dependencies:
-# pip3 install toposort
+Please lint with pylint and format with black.
+
+$ pylint scripts/publish.py
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+Your code has been rated at 10.00/10 (previous run: 10.00/10, +0.00)
+
+$ black scripts/publish.py
+"""

 import argparse
+import itertools
 import os
 import re
 import subprocess
 import time
-
-from typing import Optional
+import sys
+import typing
+from pprint import pprint

 try:
-    from toposort import toposort_flatten
+    # try import tomllib from standard Python library: New in version 3.11.
+    import tomllib
+except ModuleNotFoundError:
+    try:
+        # if tomllib is missing, this is an older python3 version. Try
+        # importing the equivalent third-party library tomli:
+        import tomli as tomllib
+    except ModuleNotFoundError:
+        print("Please install tomli, `pip3 install tomli`")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+try:
+    from graphlib import TopologicalSorter
 except ImportError:
-    print("Please install toposort, `pip3 install toposort`")
+    print("Incompatible python3 version: lacks graphlib standard library module.")
+    sys.exit(1)

-
-# TODO: find this automatically
-target_version = "3.0.0-beta"
-
-# TODO: generate this by parsing toml files
-dep_graph = {
-    "wasmer-types": set([]),
-    "wasmer-derive": set([]),
-    "wasmer-vm": set(["wasmer-types"]),
-    "wasmer-compiler": set(["wasmer-types"]),
-    "wasmer-compiler-singlepass": set(["wasmer-types", "wasmer-compiler"]),
-    "wasmer-compiler-cranelift": set(["wasmer-types", "wasmer-compiler"]),
-    "wasmer-compiler-cli": set(
-        [
-            "wasmer-compiler",
-            "wasmer-types",
-            "wasmer-compiler-singlepass",
-            "wasmer-compiler-cranelift",
-        ]
-    ),
-    "wasmer-object": set(["wasmer-types", "wasmer-compiler"]),
-    "wasmer-compiler-llvm": set(["wasmer-compiler", "wasmer-vm", "wasmer-types"]),
-    "wasmer": set(
-        [
-            "wasmer-vm",
-            "wasmer-compiler",
-            "wasmer-derive",
-            "wasmer-types",
-            "wasmer-compiler-singlepass",
-            "wasmer-compiler-cranelift",
-            "wasmer-compiler-llvm",
-        ]
-    ),
-    "wasmer-vfs": set([]),
-    "wasmer-vbus": set([]),
-    "wasmer-vnet": set([]),
-    "wasmer-wasi-local-networking": set([]),
-    "wasmer-cache": set(["wasmer"]),
-    "wasmer-wasi": set(["wasmer", "wasmer-wasi-types", "wasmer-vfs", "wasmer-vbus", "wasmer-vnet"]),
-    "wasmer-wasi-types": set(["wasmer-types"]),
-    "wasmer-wasi-experimental-io-devices": set(["wasmer-wasi"]),
-    "wasmer-emscripten": set(["wasmer"]),
-    "wasmer-c-api": set(
-        [
-            "wasmer",
-            "wasmer-compiler",
-            "wasmer-compiler-cranelift",
-            "wasmer-compiler-singlepass",
-            "wasmer-compiler-llvm",
-            "wasmer-emscripten",
-            "wasmer-middlewares",
-            "wasmer-wasi",
-            "wasmer-types",
-        ]
-    ),
-    "wasmer-middlewares": set(["wasmer", "wasmer-types", "wasmer-vm"]),
-    "wasmer-wast": set(["wasmer", "wasmer-wasi", "wasmer-vfs"]),
-    "wasmer-cli": set(
-        [
-            "wasmer",
-            "wasmer-compiler",
-            "wasmer-compiler-cranelift",
-            "wasmer-compiler-singlepass",
-            "wasmer-compiler-llvm",
-            "wasmer-emscripten",
-            "wasmer-vm",
-            "wasmer-wasi",
-            "wasmer-wasi-experimental-io-devices",
-            "wasmer-wast",
-            "wasmer-cache",
-            "wasmer-types",
-            "wasmer-vfs",
-        ]
-    ),
+SETTINGS = {
+    # extra features to put when publishing, for example wasmer-cli needs a
+    # compiler by default otherwise it won't work standalone
+    "publish_features": {
+        "wasmer-cli": "default,cranelift",
+    },
+    # workspace members we want to publish but whose path doesn't start by
+    # "./lib/"
+    "non-lib-workspace-members": set(["tests/lib/wast"]),
 }

-# where each crate is located in the `lib` directory
-# TODO: this could also be generated from the toml files
-location = {
-    "wasmer-compiler-cli": "cli-compiler",
-    "wasmer-types": "types",
-    "wasmer-derive": "derive",
-    "wasmer-vm": "vm",
-    "wasmer-compiler": "compiler",
-    "wasmer-object": "object",
-    "wasmer-compiler-singlepass": "compiler-singlepass",
-    "wasmer-compiler-cranelift": "compiler-cranelift",
-    "wasmer-compiler-llvm": "compiler-llvm",
-    "wasmer-cache": "cache",
-    "wasmer": "api",
-    "wasmer-wasi": "wasi",
-    "wasmer-wasi-types": "wasi-types",
-    "wasmer-emscripten": "emscripten",
-    "wasmer-wasi-experimental-io-devices": "wasi-experimental-io-devices",
-    "wasmer-c-api": "c-api",
-    "wasmer-middlewares": "middlewares",
-    "wasmer-vfs": "vfs",
-    "wasmer-vbus": "vbus",
-    "wasmer-vnet": "vnet",
-    "wasmer-cli": "cli",
-    "wasmer-wasi-local-networking": "wasi-local-networking",
-    "wasmer-wast": "../tests/lib/wast",
-}

-no_dry_run = False
-
-
-def get_latest_version_for_crate(crate_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
-    output = subprocess.run(["cargo", "search", crate_name], capture_output=True)
-    rexp_src = '^{} = "([^"]+)"'.format(crate_name)
+def get_latest_version_for_crate(crate_name: str) -> typing.Optional[str]:
+    """Fetches the latest version of a given crate name in local cargo registry."""
+    output = subprocess.run(
+        ["cargo", "search", crate_name], capture_output=True, check=True
+    )
+    rexp_src = f'^{crate_name} = "([^"]+)"'
    prog = re.compile(rexp_src)
    haystack = output.stdout.decode("utf-8")
    for line in haystack.splitlines():
        result = prog.match(line)
        if result:
            return result.group(1)
+    return None


-def is_crate_already_published(crate_name: str) -> bool:
-    found_string = get_latest_version_for_crate(crate_name)
+class Crate:
+    """Represents a workspace crate that is to be published to crates.io."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dependencies: typing.List[str],
+        cargo_manifest: dict,
+        cargo_file_path="Cargo.toml",
+    ):
+        self.name = cargo_manifest["package"]["name"]
+        self.dependencies = dependencies
+        self.cargo_manifest = cargo_manifest
+        if not os.path.isabs(cargo_file_path):
+            cargo_file_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), cargo_file_path)
+        self.cargo_file_path = cargo_file_path
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self.name}: {self.dependencies} {self.cargo_file_path} {self.path()}"
+
+    @property
+    def path(self) -> str:
+        """Return the absolute filesystem path containing this crate."""
+        return os.path.dirname(self.cargo_file_path)
+
+    @property
+    def version(self) -> str:
+        """Return the crate's version according to its manifest."""
+        return self.cargo_manifest["package"]["version"]
+
+
+class Publisher:
+    """A class responsible for figuring out dependencies,
+    creating a topological sorting in order to publish them
+    to crates.io in a valid order."""
+
+    def __init__(self, version=None, dry_run=True, verbose=True):
+        self.dry_run: bool = dry_run
+        self.verbose: bool = verbose
+
+        # open workspace Cargo.toml
+        with open("Cargo.toml", "rb") as file:
+            data = tomllib.load(file)
+
+        if version is None:
+            version = data["package"]["version"]
+        self.version: str = version
+
+        if self.verbose and not self.dry_run:
+            print(f"Publishing version {self.version}")
+        elif self.verbose and self.dry_run:
+            print(f"Publishing version {self.version} dry run!")
+
+        # define helper function
+        check_local_dep_fn = lambda t: isinstance(t[1], dict) and "path" in t[1]
+        members = set(
+            map(
+                lambda p: p + "/Cargo.toml",
+                filter(
+                    lambda path: (
+                        path.startswith("lib/") and os.path.exists(path + "/Cargo.toml")
+                    )
+                    or path in SETTINGS["non-lib-workspace-members"],
+                    itertools.chain(
+                        data["workspace"]["members"],
+                        map(
+                            lambda p: p[1]["path"],
+                            filter(check_local_dep_fn, data["dependencies"].items()),
+                        ),
+                    ),
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+        crates = []
+        for member in members:
+            with open(member, "rb") as file:
+                member_data = tomllib.load(file)
+
+            def return_dependencies(toml) -> typing.List[str]:
+                acc = set()
+                stack = [toml]
+                while len(stack) > 0:
+                    toml = stack.pop()
+                    if "dependencies" in toml:
+                        acc.update(
+                            list(
+                                map(
+                                    lambda dep: dep[1]["package"]
+                                    if "package" in dep[1]
+                                    else dep[0],
+                                    filter(
+                                        check_local_dep_fn, toml["dependencies"].items()
+                                    ),
+                                )
+                            )
+                        )
+                    if "target" in toml:
+                        stack.append(toml["target"])
+                    for key, value in toml.items():
+                        if key.startswith("cfg"):
+                            stack.append(value)
+                return list(acc)
+
+            dependencies = return_dependencies(member_data)
+            crates.append(Crate(dependencies, member_data, cargo_file_path=member))
+
+        invalids: typing.List[str] = []
+        for crate in crates:
+            if crate.version != self.version:
+                print(
+                    f"Crate {crate.name} is version {crate.version} but"
+                    f" we're publishing for version {self.version}"
+                )
+                invalids.append(crate.name)
+
+        if len(invalids) > 0:
+            raise Exception(
+                f"Some crates have a different version than the"
+                f" one we're publishing ({self.version}): {invalids}"
+            )
+
+        self.crates = crates
+        self.crate_index: typing.Dict[str, Crate] = {c.name: c for c in crates}
+
+        self.create_publish_order()
+
+        self.starting_dir = os.getcwd()
+
+    def create_publish_order(self):
+        """Creates a valid publish order by topologically
+        sorting crates using the dependency graph."""
+        topological_sorter = TopologicalSorter()
+
+        for crate in self.crates:
+            topological_sorter.add(crate.name, *crate.dependencies)
+
+        self.publish_order: typing.List[str] = [*topological_sorter.static_order()]
+
+    def is_crate_already_published(self, crate_name: str) -> bool:
+        """Checks if a given crate name is already published
+        with the version string we intend to publish with."""
+        found_string: str = get_latest_version_for_crate(crate_name)
        if found_string is None:
            return False

-    return target_version == found_string
+        return self.version == found_string

-
-def publish_crate(crate: str):
-    starting_dir = os.getcwd()
-    os.chdir("lib/{}".format(location[crate]))
-
-    global no_dry_run
-    if no_dry_run:
-        output = subprocess.run(["cargo", "publish"])
+    def publish_crate(self, crate_name: str):
+        # pylint: disable=broad-except
+        """Publish a given crate by name."""
+        status = None
+        try:
+            crate = self.crate_index[crate_name]
+            os.chdir(crate.path)
+            extra_args = []
+            if crate_name in SETTINGS["publish_features"]:
+                extra_args = ["--features", SETTINGS["publish_features"][crate_name]]
+            if self.dry_run:
+                print(f"In dry-run: not publishing crate `{crate_name}`")
+                command = ["cargo", "publish", "--dry-run"] + extra_args
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print(*command)
+                output = subprocess.run(command, check=True)
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print(output)
            else:
-        print("In dry-run: not publishing crate `{}`".format(crate))
-        output = subprocess.run(["cargo", "publish", "--dry-run"])
+                command = ["cargo", "publish"] + extra_args
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print(*command)
+                output = subprocess.run(command, check=True)
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print(output)
+            if self.verbose:
+                print("Success.")
+        except Exception as exc:
+            if self.verbose:
+                print(f"Failed to publish {crate_name}.")
+            print(exc)
+            status = exc
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(self.starting_dir)
+        return status

-    os.chdir(starting_dir)
+    def publish(self):
+        # pylint: disable=too-many-branches
+        """Publish all packages in workspace."""
+        if self.verbose and self.dry_run:
+            print("(Dry run, not actually publishing anything)")
+        if self.verbose:
+            print("Publishing order:")
+            pprint(self.publish_order)
+        status = {}
+        failures = 0
+
+        for crate_name in self.publish_order:
+            print(f"Publishing `{crate_name}`...")
+            if not self.is_crate_already_published(crate_name):
+                status[crate_name] = self.publish_crate(crate_name)
+                if status[crate_name]:
+                    failures = +1
+            else:
+                print(f"`{crate_name}` was already published!")
+                continue
+
+            # sleep for 16 seconds between crates to ensure the crates.io
+            # index has time to update
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                print(
+                    "Sleeping for 16 seconds to allow the `crates.io` index to update..."
+                )
+                time.sleep(16)
+            else:
+                print("In dry-run: not sleeping for crates.io to update.")
+        if failures > 0 and self.verbose:
+            print(f"encountered {failures} failures.")
+            for key, value in status.items():
+                if value is None:
+                    result = "ok"
+                else:
+                    result = str(value)
+                print(f"{key}\t{result}")
+        if self.verbose:
+            print(f"Published {len(status) - failures} crates.")
+        return failures


 def main():
+    """Main executable function."""
    os.environ["WASMER_PUBLISH_SCRIPT_IS_RUNNING"] = "1"
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        description="Publish the Wasmer crates to crates.io"
    )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--no-dry-run",
+    subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest="subcommand")
+    health_cmd = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "health-check",
+        help="""Check the dependency graph is a tree, meaning a non-cyclic
+        planar graph. Combine with verbosity to print a topological sorting
+        of the graph.""",
+    )
+    health_cmd.add_argument(
+        "-v",
+        "--verbose",
        default=False,
        action="store_true",
-        help="Run the script without actually publishing anything to crates.io",
+        help="Be verbose.",
+    )
+    health_cmd.add_argument(
+        "--print-dependencies",
+        default=False,
+        action="store_true",
+        help="For each crate, print its dependencies.",
+    )
+    publish_cmd = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "publish", help="Publish Wasmer crates to crates.io."
+    )
+    publish_cmd.add_argument(
+        "--version",
+        default=None,
+        type=str,
+        help="""Define the semver target triple (Default is automatically
+        read from workspace Cargo.toml.""",
+    )
+    publish_cmd.add_argument(
+        "--dry-run",
+        default=False,
+        action="store_true",
+        help="""Run the script without actually publishing anything to
+        crates.io""",
+    )
+    publish_cmd.add_argument(
+        "-v",
+        "--verbose",
+        default=False,
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Be verbose.",
    )
-    args = vars(parser.parse_args())

-    global no_dry_run
-    no_dry_run = args["no_dry_run"]
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    if args.subcommand == "health-check":
+        verbose = args.verbose
+        publisher = Publisher(verbose=verbose)
+        if verbose:
+            print(f"Version is {publisher.version}")
+            pprint(publisher.publish_order)
+        if args.print_dependencies:
+            for crate in publisher.crates:
+                print(f"{crate.name}: {crate.dependencies}")
+        return 0

-    # get the order to publish the crates in
-    order = list(toposort_flatten(dep_graph, sort=True))
-
-    for crate in order:
-        print("Publishing `{}`...".format(crate))
-        if not is_crate_already_published(crate):
-            publish_crate(crate)
-        else:
-            print("`{}` was already published!".format(crate))
-            continue
-        # sleep for 16 seconds between crates to ensure the crates.io index has time to update
-        # this can be optimized with knowledge of our dep graph via toposort; we can even publish
-        # crates in parallel; however this is out of scope for the first version of this script
-        if no_dry_run:
-            print("Sleeping for 16 seconds to allow the `crates.io` index to update...")
-            time.sleep(16)
-        else:
-            print("In dry-run: not sleeping for crates.io to update.")
+    if args.subcommand == "publish":
+        verbose = args.verbose
+        publisher = Publisher(dry_run=args.dry_run, verbose=verbose)
+        return publisher.publish()
+    return 0


 if __name__ == "__main__":
--- a/tests/compilers/serialize.rs
+++ b/tests/compilers/serialize.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
 use wasmer::*;

+#[test]
+fn sanity_test_artifact_deserialize() {
+    let engine = Engine::headless();
+    let result = unsafe { Artifact::deserialize(&engine, &[]) };
+    assert!(result.is_err());
+}
+
 #[compiler_test(serialize)]
 fn test_serialize(config: crate::Config) -> Result<()> {
    let mut store = config.store();
--- a/tests/integration/cli/build.rs
+++ b/tests/integration/cli/build.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 fn main() {
    println!(
-        "cargo:rustc-env=TARGET={}",
+        "cargo:rustc-env=CARGO_BUILD_TARGET={}",
        std::env::var("TARGET").unwrap()
    );
 }
--- a/tests/integration/cli/src/assets.rs
+++ b/tests/integration/cli/src/assets.rs
@@ -3,74 +3,49 @@ use std::path::PathBuf;

 pub const C_ASSET_PATH: &str = concat!(
    env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-    "/../../../lib/c-api/examples/assets"
+    "/../../../lib/c-api/examples/assets/"
 );
-pub const ASSET_PATH: &str = concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../../../tests/examples");
+pub const ASSET_PATH: &str = concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../../../tests/examples/");

-pub const WASMER_INCLUDE_PATH: &str = concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../../../lib/c-api");
+pub const WASMER_INCLUDE_PATH: &str = concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../../../lib/c-api/");

 #[cfg(feature = "debug")]
-pub const WASMER_PATH: &str = concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../../../target/debug/wasmer");
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "debug"))]
-pub const WASMER_PATH: &str = concat!(
-    env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-    "/../../../target/release/wasmer"
-);
-
+pub const WASMER_TARGET_PATH: &str = concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../../../target/debug/");
 #[cfg(feature = "debug")]
-pub const WASMER_TARGET_PATH: &str = concat!(
+pub const WASMER_TARGET_PATH_2: &str = concat!(
    env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-    "/../../../",
-    env!("CARGO_CFG_TARGET"),
-    "/debug/wasmer"
+    "/../../../target/",
+    env!("CARGO_BUILD_TARGET"),
+    "/debug/"
 );

 /* env var TARGET is set by tests/integration/cli/build.rs on compile-time */

 #[cfg(not(feature = "debug"))]
-pub const WASMER_TARGET_PATH: &str = concat!(
+pub const WASMER_TARGET_PATH: &str =
+    concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../../../target/release/");
+#[cfg(not(feature = "debug"))]
+pub const WASMER_TARGET_PATH2: &str = concat!(
    env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
    "/../../../target/",
-    env!("TARGET"),
-    "/release/wasmer"
+    env!("CARGO_BUILD_TARGET"),
+    "/release/"
 );

 #[cfg(not(windows))]
-pub const LIBWASMER_PATH: &str = concat!(
-    env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-    "/../../../target/release/libwasmer.a"
-);
+pub const LIBWASMER_FILENAME: &str = "libwasmer.a";

 #[cfg(windows)]
-pub const LIBWASMER_PATH: &str = concat!(
-    env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-    "/../../../target/release/wasmer.lib"
-);
-
-#[cfg(not(windows))]
-pub const LIBWASMER_TARGET_PATH: &str = concat!(
-    env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-    "/../../../target",
-    env!("TARGET"),
-    "/release/libwasmer.a"
-);
-
-#[cfg(windows)]
-pub const LIBWASMER_TARGET_PATH: &str = concat!(
-    env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-    "/../../../",
-    env!("TARGET"),
-    "/release/wasmer.lib"
-);
+pub const LIBWASMER_PATH: &str = "wasmer.lib";

 /// Get the path to the `libwasmer.a` static library.
 pub fn get_libwasmer_path() -> PathBuf {
    let mut ret = PathBuf::from(
-        env::var("WASMER_TEST_LIBWASMER_PATH").unwrap_or_else(|_| LIBWASMER_PATH.to_string()),
+        env::var("WASMER_TEST_LIBWASMER_PATH")
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| format!("{}{}", WASMER_TARGET_PATH, LIBWASMER_FILENAME)),
    );
    if !ret.exists() {
-        ret = PathBuf::from(LIBWASMER_TARGET_PATH.to_string());
+        ret = PathBuf::from(format!("{}{}", WASMER_TARGET_PATH2, LIBWASMER_FILENAME));
    }
    if !ret.exists() {
        panic!("Could not find libwasmer path! {:?}", ret);
@@ -81,10 +56,11 @@ pub fn get_libwasmer_path() -> PathBuf {
 /// Get the path to the `wasmer` executable to be used in this test.
 pub fn get_wasmer_path() -> PathBuf {
    let mut ret = PathBuf::from(
-        env::var("WASMER_TEST_WASMER_PATH").unwrap_or_else(|_| WASMER_PATH.to_string()),
+        env::var("WASMER_TEST_WASMER_PATH")
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| format!("{}wasmer", WASMER_TARGET_PATH)),
    );
    if !ret.exists() {
-        ret = PathBuf::from(WASMER_TARGET_PATH.to_string());
+        ret = PathBuf::from(format!("{}wasmer", WASMER_TARGET_PATH2));
    }
    if !ret.exists() {
        panic!("Could not find wasmer executable path! {:?}", ret);
--- a/tests/integration/cli/tests/create_exe.rs
+++ b/tests/integration/cli/tests/create_exe.rs
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ struct WasmerCreateExe {
    native_executable_path: PathBuf,
    /// Compiler with which to compile the Wasm.
    compiler: Compiler,
+    /// Extra CLI flags
+    extra_cli_flags: Vec<&'static str>,
 }

 impl Default for WasmerCreateExe {
@@ -40,17 +42,19 @@ impl Default for WasmerCreateExe {
            wasm_path: PathBuf::from(create_exe_test_wasm_path()),
            native_executable_path,
            compiler: Compiler::Cranelift,
+            extra_cli_flags: vec![],
        }
    }
 }

 impl WasmerCreateExe {
-    fn run(&self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    fn run(&self) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<u8>> {
        let output = Command::new(&self.wasmer_path)
            .current_dir(&self.current_dir)
            .arg("create-exe")
            .arg(&self.wasm_path.canonicalize()?)
            .arg(&self.compiler.to_flag())
+            .args(self.extra_cli_flags.iter())
            .arg("-o")
            .arg(&self.native_executable_path)
            .output()?;
@@ -64,7 +68,66 @@ impl WasmerCreateExe {
                    .expect("stderr is not utf8! need to handle arbitrary bytes")
            );
        }
-        Ok(())
+        Ok(output.stdout)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Data used to run the `wasmer compile` command.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct WasmerCreateObj {
+    /// The directory to operate in.
+    current_dir: PathBuf,
+    /// Path to wasmer executable used to run the command.
+    wasmer_path: PathBuf,
+    /// Path to the Wasm file to compile.
+    wasm_path: PathBuf,
+    /// Path to the object file produced by compiling the Wasm.
+    output_object_path: PathBuf,
+    /// Compiler with which to compile the Wasm.
+    compiler: Compiler,
+    /// Extra CLI flags
+    extra_cli_flags: Vec<&'static str>,
+}
+
+impl Default for WasmerCreateObj {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        #[cfg(not(windows))]
+        let output_object_path = PathBuf::from("wasm.o");
+        #[cfg(windows)]
+        let output_object_path = PathBuf::from("wasm.obj");
+        Self {
+            current_dir: std::env::current_dir().unwrap(),
+            wasmer_path: get_wasmer_path(),
+            wasm_path: PathBuf::from(create_exe_test_wasm_path()),
+            output_object_path,
+            compiler: Compiler::Cranelift,
+            extra_cli_flags: vec![],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl WasmerCreateObj {
+    fn run(&self) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+        let output = Command::new(&self.wasmer_path)
+            .current_dir(&self.current_dir)
+            .arg("create-obj")
+            .arg(&self.wasm_path.canonicalize()?)
+            .arg(&self.compiler.to_flag())
+            .args(self.extra_cli_flags.iter())
+            .arg("-o")
+            .arg(&self.output_object_path)
+            .output()?;
+
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            bail!(
+                "wasmer create-obj failed with: stdout: {}\n\nstderr: {}",
+                std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout)
+                    .expect("stdout is not utf8! need to handle arbitrary bytes"),
+                std::str::from_utf8(&output.stderr)
+                    .expect("stderr is not utf8! need to handle arbitrary bytes")
+            );
+        }
+        Ok(output.stdout)
    }
 }

@@ -160,3 +223,187 @@ fn create_exe_works_with_file() -> anyhow::Result<()> {

    Ok(())
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn create_exe_serialized_works() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let temp_dir = tempfile::tempdir()?;
+    let operating_dir: PathBuf = temp_dir.path().to_owned();
+
+    let wasm_path = operating_dir.join(create_exe_test_wasm_path());
+    #[cfg(not(windows))]
+    let executable_path = operating_dir.join("wasm.out");
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    let executable_path = operating_dir.join("wasm.exe");
+
+    let output: Vec<u8> = WasmerCreateExe {
+        current_dir: operating_dir.clone(),
+        wasm_path,
+        native_executable_path: executable_path.clone(),
+        compiler: Compiler::Cranelift,
+        extra_cli_flags: vec!["--object-format", "serialized"],
+        ..Default::default()
+    }
+    .run()
+    .context("Failed to create-exe wasm with Wasmer")?;
+
+    let result = run_code(
+        &operating_dir,
+        &executable_path,
+        &["--eval".to_string(), "function greet(name) { return JSON.stringify('Hello, ' + name); }; print(greet('World'));".to_string()],
+    )
+    .context("Failed to run generated executable")?;
+    let result_lines = result.lines().collect::<Vec<&str>>();
+    assert_eq!(result_lines, vec!["\"Hello, World\""],);
+
+    let output_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output);
+    assert!(
+        output_str.contains("Serialized"),
+        "create-exe output doesn't mention `serialized` format keyword:\n{}",
+        output_str
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn create_obj(args: Vec<&'static str>, keyword_needle: &str, keyword: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let temp_dir = tempfile::tempdir()?;
+    let operating_dir: PathBuf = temp_dir.path().to_owned();
+
+    let wasm_path = operating_dir.join(create_exe_test_wasm_path());
+
+    #[cfg(not(windows))]
+    let object_path = operating_dir.join("wasm.o");
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    let object_path = operating_dir.join("wasm.obj");
+
+    let output: Vec<u8> = WasmerCreateObj {
+        current_dir: operating_dir.clone(),
+        wasm_path,
+        output_object_path: object_path.clone(),
+        compiler: Compiler::Cranelift,
+        extra_cli_flags: args,
+        ..Default::default()
+    }
+    .run()
+    .context("Failed to create-obj wasm with Wasmer")?;
+
+    assert!(
+        object_path.exists(),
+        "create-obj successfully completed but object output file `{}` missing",
+        object_path.display()
+    );
+    let mut object_header_path = object_path.clone();
+    object_header_path.set_extension("h");
+    assert!(
+        object_header_path.exists(),
+        "create-obj successfully completed but object output header file `{}` missing",
+        object_header_path.display()
+    );
+
+    let output_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output);
+    assert!(
+        output_str.contains(keyword_needle),
+        "create-obj output doesn't mention `{}` format keyword:\n{}",
+        keyword,
+        output_str
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn create_obj_default() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    create_obj(vec![], "Symbols", "symbols")
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn create_obj_symbols() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    create_obj(vec!["--object-format", "symbols"], "Symbols", "symbols")
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn create_obj_serialized() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    create_obj(
+        vec!["--object-format", "serialized"],
+        "Serialized",
+        "serialized",
+    )
+}
+
+fn create_exe_with_object_input(args: Vec<&'static str>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let temp_dir = tempfile::tempdir()?;
+    let operating_dir: PathBuf = temp_dir.path().to_owned();
+
+    let wasm_path = operating_dir.join(create_exe_test_wasm_path());
+
+    #[cfg(not(windows))]
+    let object_path = operating_dir.join("wasm.o");
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    let object_path = operating_dir.join("wasm.obj");
+
+    WasmerCreateObj {
+        current_dir: operating_dir.clone(),
+        wasm_path,
+        output_object_path: object_path.clone(),
+        compiler: Compiler::Cranelift,
+        extra_cli_flags: args,
+        ..Default::default()
+    }
+    .run()
+    .context("Failed to create-obj wasm with Wasmer")?;
+
+    assert!(
+        object_path.exists(),
+        "create-obj successfully completed but object output file `{}` missing",
+        object_path.display()
+    );
+    let mut object_header_path = object_path.clone();
+    object_header_path.set_extension("h");
+    assert!(
+        object_header_path.exists(),
+        "create-obj successfully completed but object output header file `{}` missing",
+        object_header_path.display()
+    );
+
+    #[cfg(not(windows))]
+    let executable_path = operating_dir.join("wasm.out");
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    let executable_path = operating_dir.join("wasm.exe");
+
+    WasmerCreateExe {
+        current_dir: operating_dir.clone(),
+        wasm_path: object_path,
+        native_executable_path: executable_path.clone(),
+        compiler: Compiler::Cranelift,
+        extra_cli_flags: vec!["--header", "wasm.h"],
+        ..Default::default()
+    }
+    .run()
+    .context("Failed to create-exe wasm with Wasmer")?;
+
+    let result = run_code(
+        &operating_dir,
+        &executable_path,
+        &["--eval".to_string(), "function greet(name) { return JSON.stringify('Hello, ' + name); }; print(greet('World'));".to_string()],
+    )
+    .context("Failed to run generated executable")?;
+    let result_lines = result.lines().collect::<Vec<&str>>();
+    assert_eq!(result_lines, vec!["\"Hello, World\""],);
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn create_exe_with_object_input_default() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    create_exe_with_object_input(vec![])
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn create_exe_with_object_input_symbols() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    create_exe_with_object_input(vec!["--object-format", "symbols"])
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn create_exe_with_object_input_serialized() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    create_exe_with_object_input(vec!["--object-format", "serialized"])
+}
--- a/tests/integration/cli/tests/run.rs
+++ b/tests/integration/cli/tests/run.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@

 use anyhow::bail;
 use std::process::Command;
-use wasmer_integration_tests_cli::{ASSET_PATH, C_ASSET_PATH, WASMER_PATH};
+use wasmer_integration_tests_cli::{get_wasmer_path, ASSET_PATH, C_ASSET_PATH};

 fn wasi_test_wasm_path() -> String {
    format!("{}/{}", C_ASSET_PATH, "qjs.wasm")
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ fn test_no_start_wat_path() -> String {

 #[test]
 fn run_wasi_works() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    let output = Command::new(WASMER_PATH)
+    let output = Command::new(get_wasmer_path())
        .arg("run")
        .arg(wasi_test_wasm_path())
        .arg("--")
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ fn run_wasi_works() -> anyhow::Result<()> {

 #[test]
 fn run_no_imports_wasm_works() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    let output = Command::new(WASMER_PATH)
+    let output = Command::new(get_wasmer_path())
        .arg("run")
        .arg(test_no_imports_wat_path())
        .output()?;
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ fn run_invoke_works_with_nomain_wasi() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let random = rand::random::<u64>();
    let module_file = std::env::temp_dir().join(&format!("{random}.wat"));
    std::fs::write(&module_file, wasi_wat.as_bytes()).unwrap();
-    let output = Command::new(WASMER_PATH)
+    let output = Command::new(get_wasmer_path())
        .arg("run")
        .arg(&module_file)
        .output()?;
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ fn run_invoke_works_with_nomain_wasi() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        panic!();
    }

-    let output = Command::new(WASMER_PATH)
+    let output = Command::new(get_wasmer_path())
        .arg("run")
        .arg("--invoke")
        .arg("_start")
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ fn run_invoke_works_with_nomain_wasi() -> anyhow::Result<()> {

 #[test]
 fn run_no_start_wasm_report_error() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    let output = Command::new(WASMER_PATH)
+    let output = Command::new(get_wasmer_path())
        .arg("run")
        .arg(test_no_start_wat_path())
        .output()?;
--- a/tests/integration/cli/tests/version.rs
+++ b/tests/integration/cli/tests/version.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
 use anyhow::bail;
 use std::process::Command;
-use wasmer_integration_tests_cli::WASMER_PATH;
+use wasmer_integration_tests_cli::get_wasmer_path;

 const WASMER_VERSION: &str = env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION");

 #[test]
 fn version_string_is_correct() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let expected_version_output = format!("wasmer {}\n", WASMER_VERSION);
+    let wasmer_path = get_wasmer_path();

    let outputs = [
-        Command::new(WASMER_PATH).arg("--version").output()?,
-        Command::new(WASMER_PATH).arg("-V").output()?,
+        Command::new(&wasmer_path).arg("--version").output()?,
+        Command::new(&wasmer_path).arg("-V").output()?,
    ];

    for output in &outputs {
@@ -34,10 +35,11 @@ fn version_string_is_correct() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 #[test]
 fn help_text_contains_version() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let expected_version_output = format!("wasmer {}", WASMER_VERSION);
+    let wasmer_path = get_wasmer_path();

    let outputs = [
-        Command::new(WASMER_PATH).arg("--help").output()?,
-        Command::new(WASMER_PATH).arg("-h").output()?,
+        Command::new(&wasmer_path).arg("--help").output()?,
+        Command::new(&wasmer_path).arg("-h").output()?,
    ];

    for output in &outputs {
@@ -1 +1 @@
 .59
 .61